草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 2666-2676.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.08.026

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

拉萨河流域沼泽湿地优势草本生态位及种间联结分析

阿拉姆1,2, 尹正辉1,2,3, 李森1,2,3, 丹增晋美1,2, 雷鸣4, 赵志强5, 边玛6, 公布克珠6, 文雪梅1,2   

  1. 1. 西藏自治区高原生物研究所, 西藏 拉萨 850000;
    2. 西藏自治区生物资源与生物安全重点实验室, 西藏 拉萨 850000;
    3. 西藏大学生态环境学院, 西藏 拉萨 850000;
    4. 拉萨青藏高原科学研究中心, 西藏 拉萨 850000;
    5. 西藏自然科学博物馆, 西藏 拉萨 850000;
    6. 拉萨市生态环境局, 西藏 拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-12 修回日期:2024-12-17 出版日期:2025-08-15 发布日期:2025-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 文雪梅, E-mail:sws_wenxuemei@sti.xizang.gov.cn
  • 作者简介:阿拉姆(1995-),女,藏族,西藏日喀则人,硕士,研究实习员,主要从事植物生态学和入侵生物学方面的研究,E-mail:2319433523@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    拉萨市生物多样性本底综合调查和编目Ⅰ期项目；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究（2019QZKK0502030405）资助

Analysis of Niche and Interspecific Association of Dominant Plant Species of marsh wetlands of Lhasa River Basin

Alamu1,2, YIN Zheng-hui1,2,3, LI Sen1,2,3, DANZENG Jin-mei1,2, LEI Ming4, ZHAO Zhi-qiang5, BIAN Ma6, GONGBU Ke-zhu6, WEN Xue-mei1,2   

  1. 1. Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China;
    2. Key Lab of Biological Resources and Biosecurity of Xizang Autonomous Region, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China;
    3. College of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China;
    4. Tibetan Plateau Scientific Research Center of Lhasa, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China;
    5. Tibetan Museum of Natural Sciences, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China;
    6. Lhasa Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Lhasa, Xizang 850000, China
  • Received:2024-08-12 Revised:2024-12-17 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-27

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摘要： 为揭示拉萨河流域沼泽湿地植物群落优势种生态位和种间联结的分布特征，本研究采用“Levins”方法、“Pianka”方法、方差比率法（VR）、χ2检验、联结系数（AC）和Ochiai（OI）指数，对5个典型沼泽湿地植物群落中的10个优势草本植物物种进行分析。结果表明：研究区的优势草本植物群落主要由宽生态位和中生态位物种组成，且这些物种的生态位重叠程度较高；5个湿地中，发展性和衰退性物种的分布及响应速率存在差异；5个湿地植物群落总体表现为负联结，物种之间的竞争较为强烈；χ2检验和联结系数AC值表明在5个湿地中，分别有73.3%，55.6%，64.4%，66.7%和60.0%的种对表现出负联结性；OI指数表明，唐嘎湿地（C2）中OI≥0.8的种对占比最高，物种之间的强关联性较显著。通过种间联结分析，拉萨河流域沼泽湿地植物群落处于演替的初级阶段，结构不稳定，为湿地生态修复和生物多样性保护提供了重要的生态学依据。

关键词: 拉萨河流域, 沼泽湿地, 生态位, 生态响应, 种间联结

Abstract: To reveal the distribution characteristics of ecological niches and interspecific associations of dominant species in the plant communities of marsh wetlands in Lhasa River Basin， in this study we employed the “Levins” method， “Pianka” method， variance ratio method （VR）， χ2 test， association coefficient （AC） and Ochiai （OI） indexes to analyze 10 dominant herbaceous plant species in the plant communities of five typical marsh wetlands. The results showed that the dominant herbaceous plant communities in the study area were primarily composed of species with wide and medium ecological niches， and the degree of niche overlap among these species was relatively high. Among the five wetlands， there were differences in the distribution and response rates of developing and declining species. The overall plant communities in the five wetlands exhibited negative associations， indicating intense competition among species. The χ2 test and association coefficient （AC） values revealed that 73.3%， 55.6%， 64.4%， 66.7%， and 60.0% of species pairs in the five wetlands displayed negative associations， respectively. The OI index indicated that the Tangga Wetland （C2） had the highest proportion of species pairs with OI ≥ 0.8， which suggested significant strong associations among species. Through interspecific association analysis， it was found that the plant communities in the marsh wetlands of Lhasa River Basin are in the early stages of succession， with unstable structures， providing important ecological insights of wetland restoration and biodiversity conservation.

Key words: Lhasa River Basin, Everglade, Niche, Ecological response, Interspecific association

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