草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 301-312.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.01.028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

生态修复对东祁连山不同类型草地群落特征及稳定性的影响

李佳缙, 柳小妮, 纪童, 何国兴, 李娅丽, 杨卓丽, 漆昊, 于耀鑫   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-16 修回日期:2024-09-24 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 柳小妮,E-mail:liuxn@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李佳缙(1999-),男,汉族,云南红河人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地资源与生态研究,E-mail:2795565292@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学草地生态系统教育部重点实验室揭榜挂帅项目(KLGE-2024-01);甘肃省草原监测评价(GSZYTC-ZCJC-21010);甘肃省新一轮草原补奖效益评估及草原生态评价研究(XZ20191225);2023年提前批中央财政林业改革发展资金草原科技支撑项目“河西走廊脆弱生态区草原生态健康评估”(2023211)项目资助

Effects of Ecological Restoration on the Characteristics and Stability of Different Grassland Communities in the East Qilian Mountains

LI Jia-jin, LIU Xiao-ni, JI Tong, HE Guo-xing, LI Ya-li, YANG Zhuo-li, QI Hao, YU Yao-xin   

  1. Ministry of Education, Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2024-08-16 Revised:2024-09-24 Published:2025-12-24

摘要: 为探究不同草地修复前后群落植被特征及稳定性变化规律,本研究以东祁连山3类主要草地(高寒草甸、山地草甸和温性草原)为研究对象,采用群落调查、配对样本T检验、曲线拟合等方法对生态修复前后群落的结构特征、多样性及稳定性进行分析。结果表明:综合修复措施可以有效改善草地的植被盖度、密度和生物量,其整体呈现上升趋势且差异显著(P<0.05);修复后高寒草甸优势种矮生嵩草的重要值上升为32.76,山地草甸优势种长芒草重要值由25.69升为32.74,温性草原优势种短花针茅的重要值升为31.20,莎草科和禾本科在三类草地的恢复中起重要作用;修复措施的实施导致物种数以及生物量的增加改变了草地种群结构,降低物种分布的均匀性,从而使Margalef,Shannon-Wiener和Simpson指数增加,Pielou均匀度指数降低;修复后,高寒草甸、山地草甸及温性草原欧氏距离分别为6.29,8.85和5.39,M.Godron稳定性进一步提升。综上,生态修复可以有效改善东祁连山草地群落特征及稳定性,但每种草地对修复效果的响应不一致,需要多关注修复后草地变化,防止草地修复后再次退化。

关键词: 东祁连山, 草地类型, 生态修复, 群落特征, 物种多样性, 群落稳定性

Abstract: In order to explore the changes of community vegetation characteristics and stability before and after different grassland restoration, this study took three main types of grasslands (alpine meadow, mountain meadow and temperate grassland) in the eastern Qilian Mountains as the research objects. According to the methods of community investigation, paired sample T-test and curve fitting, the structural characteristics, diversity and stability of communities before and after ecological restoration were analyzed. The results showed that: Comprehensive restoration measures could effectively improve the vegetation coverage, density and biomass of grassland, which showed an upward trend and significant difference (P<0.05). After restoration, the important value of dominant species Kobresia humilis in alpine meadow increased to 32.76, the important value of dominant species Stipa bungeana in mountain meadow increased from 25.69 to 32.74, and the important value of dominant species S. breviflora in temperate grassland increased to 31.20. Cyperaceae and Gramineae played an important role in the restoration of three types of grassland. The implementation of restoration measures led to the increase of species number and biomass, which changed the grassland population structure and reduced the uniformity of species distribution, so that the Margalef, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson indexes increased, and the pielou evenness index decreased. After restoration, the Euclidean distances of alpine meadow, mountain meadow and temperate steppe were 6.29, 8.85 and 5.39, respectively, and the stability of M.Godron was further improved. In summary, ecological restoration can effectively improve the characteristics and stability of grassland communities in the eastern Qilian Mountains, but the responses of each grassland to restoration effects are inconsistent. It is necessary to pay more attention to grassland changes after restoration to prevent grassland degradation again after restoration.

Key words: East Qilian Mountains, Grassland types, Ecological restoration, Community characteristics, Species diversity, Community stability

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