草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 973-983.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.021

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

氮添加对科尔沁典型草原植物种间关联及生态位的影响

樊绪彬, 闫宝龙, 张书涵, 高明月   

  1. 内蒙古民族大学草业学院/山地草原生态系统定位研究站, 内蒙古 通辽 028000
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-18 修回日期:2025-05-26 发布日期:2026-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 闫宝龙,E-mail:byan@imun.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:樊绪彬(2000-),男,汉族,甘肃张掖人,硕士生,主要从事草地生态与管理方面的研究,E-mail:1979162367@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区重点研发和科技成果转化计划项目(2022YFDZ0087);高校基本科研业务费项目(GXKY25Z006);内蒙古民族大学博士科研启动基金(BS522)资助

Effects of Nitrogen Addition on Interspecific Association and Niche of Plants in Typical Steppe of Horqin

FAN Xu-bin, YAN Bao-long, ZHANG Shu-han, GAO Ming-yue   

  1. College of Prataculture/Mountain Grassland Ecosystem Positioning Research Station, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
  • Received:2025-04-18 Revised:2025-05-26 Published:2026-03-23

摘要: 为探究氮沉降对草地植物种间关联及生态位的影响,本研究以科尔沁典型草原为对象,添加无机态氮(I)和有机态氮(O)各0,4,8 g·m-2·a-1(纯氮)及其组合共9个处理,即I0O0,I4O0,I8O0,I0O4,I0O8,I4O4,I8O4,I4O8,I8O8。结果表明:植物群落在不添加无机态氮处理下呈随机分布,在I4O0处理下物种间呈正关联,在I8O0处理下物种间呈负关联;生态位响应具有物种特异性,木地肤(Bassia prostrata)生态位宽度在I8O4处理下较I4O8提升58.3%(P<0.05),冰草(Agropyron cristatum)在各处理下,生态位宽度较高且稳定(0.32~0.36),并在I8O8处理下物种生态位高度重叠比例达87%;冰草的生态响应速率(R=2.65~2.97)与生态位重叠指数(ΔOik=0.120~0.138)均较平稳,猪毛蒿(Artemisia scoparia)在I8O0处理下R值激增至140.50,达乌里胡枝子(Lespedeza davuricaR值持续为负(-1.62~-0.66)且ΔOik<0。综上,氮添加增强群落种间负关联及生态位分化,导致物种资源利用效率各异。

关键词: 氮添加, 种间关联, 生态位, 温性草原

Abstract: To explore the effects of nitrogen (N) deposition on interspecific associations and niches of grassland plants, this study was conducted in the Horqin typical steppe. Nine treatments were set up, including the addition of inorganic N (I) and organic N (O) at three rates (0, 4, and 8 g·m-2·a-1) and their combinations(I0O0, I4O0, I8O0, I0O4, I0O8, I4O4, I8O4, I4O8, and I8O8). The results showed that the plant community exhibited a random distribution under the treatments without inorganic N addition, a positive association under the I4O0 treatment and a negative association under the I8O0 treatment. Niche responses were species-specific: the niche breadth of Bassia prostrata in the I8O4 treatment was 58.3% higher than that in the I4O8 treatment (P<0.05); Agropyron cristatum maintained a relatively high and stable niche breadth (0.32~0.36) across all treatments, and the proportion of high niche overlap of this species reached 87% under the I8O8 treatment. The ecological response rate (R=2.65-2.97) and niche overlap index (ΔOik=0.120~0.138) of A. cristatum were relatively stable; the R value of Artemisia scoparia surged to 140.50 under the I8O0 treatment; the R value of Lespedeza davurica remained negative (-1.62 to -0.66) with ΔOik<0. In conclusion, N addition enhances the negative interspecific associations of the community and niche differentiation, leading to variations in resource use efficiency among species.

Key words: Nitrogen addition, Interspecific association, Niche, Temperate steppe

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