草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 1017-1028.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

西藏阿里高原中北部草本层生态位与种间联结分析

付本艺1,2,3,4, 白玛玉珍5, 斯郎次西1,2,3, 孙雪婷1,2,3,4, 罗大庆1,2,3,4, 屈兴乐1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. 西藏农牧大学高原生态研究所, 西藏 林芝 860000;
    2. 西藏自治区高寒植被生态安全重点实验室, 西藏 林芝 860000;
    3. 西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室, 西藏 林芝 860000;
    4. 阿里生态监测站, 西藏 阿里 859000;
    5. 林芝市生态环境局波密片区监测站, 西藏 林芝 860000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 修回日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2026-03-23
  • 通讯作者: 屈兴乐，E-mail：1318266529@qq.com
  • 作者简介:付本艺（2000-），男，汉族，山东济南人，硕士研究生，主要从事植物生理学、群落生态学研究，E-mail：438524206@qq.com；
  • 基金资助:
    西藏农牧大学林学博士点（一期）（533325001）；阿里生态监测站2024年度监测项目（603324091）；西藏农牧学院2025年学科建设项目（高原生态研究所生态学-YJSXK2025-01）资助

Niche Characteristics and Interspecific Association Analysis of the Herb Layer in the North-central Alpine Desert of the Ngari Plateau in Xizang

FU Ben-yi1,2,3,4, YUDRON Pema5, TSERING Shey1,2,3, SUN Xue-ting1,2,3,4, LUO Da-qing1,2,3,4, QU Xing-le1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. Institute of Plateau Ecology, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Xizang Autonomous Region 860000, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security of Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Xizang Autonomous Region 860000, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Xizang Plateau Forest Ecology of Ministry of Education &National, Nyingchi, Xizang Autonomous Region 860000, China;
    4. Ngari Ecological Monitoring Station, Ngari, Xizang Autonomous Region 859000, China;
    5. Bomi Subdistrict Monitoring Station, Linzhi Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau, Nyingchi, Xizang Autonomous Region 860000, China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Revised:2025-06-15 Published:2026-03-23

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摘要： 本研究聚焦于阿里高原极端寒旱条件下草本层优势种生态位特征、种间联结与群落稳定性，旨在为高寒荒漠草原生态修复提供研究依据。结果显示：紫花针茅（Stipa purpurea）生态位宽度最广（12.41），部分物种存在生态位宽度与重要值不对称现象，生态位分化明显。生态位重叠指数和相似性指数平均值分别为0.14和0.05，整体竞争强度低，物种采取低强度竞争生存策略。种间关联多为不显著，Jaccard和Ochiai指数均值较低，物种间以弱相互作用模式共存。M. Godron模型显示群落稳定性交点接近理论稳定点（20，80），草本层处于稳定演替阶段。研究表明，群落通过广生态位物种主导、窄生态位物种分化及弱正联结维持稳定，建议生态恢复中优先选择生态习性相近的物种以维持种间平衡。

关键词: 阿里高原, 生态位特征, 生态位分化, 种间联结, 群落稳定性

Abstract: This study focuses on the niche characteristics， interspecific association， and community stability of dominant species in the herb layer under extreme cold and arid conditions on the Ngari Plateau， aiming to provide a research basis for the ecological restoration of alpine desert steppes. The results showed that Stipa purpurea had the widest niche breadth （12.41）. Some species exhibited an asymmetric phenomenon between niche breadth and importance value， with obvious niche differentiation. The average values of the niche overlap index and similarity index were 0.14 and 0.05， respectively， indicating a low overall competition intensity， and species adopted a low-intensity competition survival strategy. Most interspecific associations were not significant， and the average values of the Jaccard index and Ochiai index were relatively low， with species coexisting in a weak interaction mode. The M. Godron model showed that the intersection point of community stability was close to the theoretical stable point （20， 80）， and the herb layer was in a stable successional stage. The study indicates that the community maintains stability through the dominance of wide-niche species， the differentiation of narrow-niche species， and weak positive associations. It is suggested that species with similar ecological habits should be preferred in ecological restoration to maintain interspecific balance.

Key words: Ngari Plateau, Ecological niche characteristics, Niche differentiation, Interspecific relationships, Community stability

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