草地学报

›› 1995, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (2): 152-157.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.1995.02.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

多年生黑麦草/白三叶人工草地放牧演替及群落稳定性的研究

呼天明, 王培, 姚爱兴, 夏景新   

  1. 北京农业大学草地研究所, 北京 100094
  • 出版日期:1995-05-15 发布日期:2012-07-11
  • 基金资助:
    “八五”国家科技攻关项目85-011-02-02

Studies on Grazing Succession and Stability of Community in Mixed Sward of Perennial Ryegrass/White Clover

Hu Tianming, Wang Pei, Yao Aixing, Xia Jingxin   

  1. Institute of Grassland Science, Beijing Agricultural University, Beijing 100094
  • Online:1995-05-15 Published:2012-07-11

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摘要： 本研究于1994年在湖南省南山牧场进行。聚类分析表明,放牧导致多年生黑麦草(Loliumperenne)/白三叶(Trifoliumrepens)人工草地的演替可以划分为四个阶段,即轻牧使人工草地向原生植被演替,形成野古草(Arundinellahirta)、芒草(Miscanthussinensis)占优势的群落;重牧导致绒毛草(Holcuslantus)、多头苦荬菜(Ixerispolycephala)占优势的群落出现;过牧则形成橐吾(Ligulariasp)、酸模(Rumexacetosa)占优势的群落;唯有适牧方可以维持多年生黑麦草/白三叶人工草地的稳定性。轻度放牧或过度放牧都可以引起人工草地的退化演替。

关键词: 人工草地, 放牧, 演替, 稳定性, 聚类分析

Abstract: Grazing succession and stability of community were studied in Nanshan Ranch (25°48′- 25°58′N, 110°36′-110°40′E)during 1994.It showed by cluster analysis that grazing lead to succession in mixed sward of perennial ryegrass/white clover.The succession can be divided into four stages:i.e.Arundinella hirta + Miscanthus sinensis community for light grazing, Holcus lantus+ Ixeris polycephala community for heavy grazing, Ligularia sp.+Rumex acetosa community for over ging and Lolium perenne + Trifolium repens commnuity for moderate grazing.Moderate grazing can maintain community stability of artificial sward.Light grazing or over grazing lead to deteriorative succession of artificial sward.

Key words: Artificial sward, Grazing, Succession, Stability, Cluster analysis