紫花苜蓿根系生物量

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2011.05.027

›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 872-879.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2011.05.027

紫花苜蓿根系生物量

李扬¹, 孙洪仁², 丁宁², 刘治波², 邵光武², 沈月²

1. 中国草学会《草地学报》编辑部, 北京100193;
2. 中国农业大学草地研究所, 北京100193

收稿日期:2011-03-10 修回日期:2011-05-11 出版日期:2011-10-15 发布日期:2012-07-12
通讯作者: 孙洪仁,E-mail:sunhongren@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:李扬(1981- ),女,内蒙古赤峰市人,硕士,《草地学报》责任编辑,E-mail:liyang_ibcas@126.com
基金资助:
农业部公益性行业科研专项“人工草地优质牧草生产技术研究与示范”(nyhyzx072022);科技部碳汇研究重大专项“草地固碳与减排技术集成与研究示范”(2008BAD95B03);农业部现代农业产业技术体系建设项目“现代牧草产业技术体系建设”资助

Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) Root Biomass

LI Yanga¹, SUN Hong-rena², DING Ning², LIU Zhi-bo², SHAO Guang-wu², SHEN Yue²

1. Acta Agrestia Sinica Editorial Board of Chinese Grassland Society, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Institute of Grassland Science, China Agriculture University, Beijing 100193, China

Received:2011-03-10 Revised:2011-05-11 Online:2011-10-15 Published:2012-07-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文综述了紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.)根系生物量的影响因子和若干自然区域内的紫花苜蓿根系生物量。影响紫花苜蓿根系生物量的影响因子包括土层厚度、地下水位、土壤特性、淹水、耕作、施肥、灌溉、刈割、生长调节剂、混播、植株密度、品种和生长年限。土壤障碍(酸、碱、盐、粘重和紧实)越重、土层越薄、地下水位越高,紫花苜蓿根系生物量越小。淹水降低紫花苜蓿根系生物量。深耕可增加紫花苜蓿根系生物量,播种当年效果尤为明显。施肥可增加紫花苜蓿根系生物量。灌溉可增加紫花苜蓿根系生物量,灌溉模式及灌溉量适当时可获得相对较大的根系生物量。刈割频率越高,紫花苜蓿根系生物量越低。添加生长调节剂可增加紫花苜蓿根系生物量。混播降低紫花苜蓿根系生物量。在一定范围内,紫花苜蓿根系生物量随着植株密度的增加而增加。不同品种(材料)的根系生物量存在一定差异。生长年限越长,紫花苜蓿根系生物量越大。在每个生长季内紫花苜蓿根系生物量呈逐渐提高趋势,但在返青之初和每次刈割之后出现降低,3～4周后恢复至刈割前水平,其后则继续增加。不同自然区域紫花苜蓿的根系生物量差异较大。在相对正常的栽培管理条件下,生长1年紫花苜蓿的根系生物量约在2～7t·hm^-2之间,生长2年者约为3～9 t·hm^-2,生长3～5年者约为4～21 t·hm^-2。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 根系, 生物量

Abstract: In order to provide the evidences for further research and cultivation management of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.),the regular pattern of alfalfa root biomass and its dominant factors in different natural regions are discussed in this review.The factors include the depth of soil layer,ground water level,soil properties,waterlogging,farming,fertilization,irrigation,cutting,growth regulating agent,mixture sowing,planting density,cultivar,and growth period.Shallow soil layers associate with high-level underground water and both contribute to diminishing root mass.Deeper plowing increased alfalfa root biomass,especially in the first growing year.Also,irrigation,fertilization,growth regulating agent,higher stubble,and longer growth period increased alfalfa root biomass.Appropriate irrigation patterns and amount increased alfalfa root biomass,but waterlogging,higher cutting frequency and mixture sowing reduced alfalfa root biomass.In some cases,alfalfa root biomass increased by increasing the planting density.Different alfalfa cultivars had different root biomass.In each growing season,alfalfa root biomass first increased gradually then decreased during its early greening period or after cutting;but 3 to 4 weeks later,recover to pre-cutting levels.Alfalfa root biomasses were different in various natural regions.With regular planting management,one-year-old alfalfa root biomass were about 2 to 7 t·hm^-2,two-year-old ones about 3 to 9 t·hm^-2,and three-year-old to five-year-old ones were about 4 to 21 t·hm^-2.

Key words: Medicago sativa L., Root, Biomass

中图分类号:

S812
S541.9

李扬, 孙洪仁, 丁宁, 刘治波, 邵光武, 沈月. 紫花苜蓿根系生物量[J]. , 2011, 19(5): 872-879.

LI Yanga, SUN Hong-rena, DING Ning, LIU Zhi-bo, SHAO Guang-wu, SHEN Yue. Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) Root Biomass[J]. , 2011, 19(5): 872-879.

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紫花苜蓿根系生物量

Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) Root Biomass

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