草地学报

›› 1999, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 217-222.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.1999.03.007

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

放牧强度和时期对内蒙古草原土壤压实效应的研究

贾树海, 王春枝, 孙振涛, 李绍良, 陈有君, 靳存旺   

  1. 1. 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳, 110161;
    2. 内蒙古农牧学院农学系, 呼和浩特, 010018
  • 出版日期:1999-08-15 发布日期:2012-07-19
  • 基金资助:
    “九五”攻关项目(96-016-01-01)、中国科学院“九五”特支项目(KZ95T-04)和内蒙古草原生态系统定位研究站开放站基金

Study on Grassland Dark Sandy Chestnut Compaction by Grazing Intensity and Grazing Season

Jia Shuhai, Wang Chunzhi, Sun Zhentao   

  1. 1. Collcge of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110161;
    2. Department of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Huhhot, 010018
  • Online:1999-08-15 Published:2012-07-19

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摘要： 在不同牧压下,测定土壤容重(0-20cm)、硬度(地表和0-20cm)、孔隙度、毛管持水量等与土壤压实作用的有关物理指标。结果表明,供试放牧强度(0-6.67羊/hm2)对土壤容重的影响仅局限于0-10cm,其中以0-5cm最显著。0-10cm土壤容重的数学模型为y＝1.236＋0.595x－7.764*10-3x2,R＝0.978。相同放牧强度(20羊/hm2)不同放牧时期(春牧5月22日-6月1日,夏牧7月15-25日,秋收9月3-13日),对土壤容重的影响表现在夏季放牧对于土壤的压实作用最轻,秋季最重,春季居中。每公顷0-4只羊,土壤硬度随着放牧强度的增加而增大,每公顷4-6.67只羊,土壤硬度随着放牧强度的增加而降低。放牧强度对土壤表面硬度和毛管持水量的影响不显著。

关键词: 内蒙古, 温带草原, 放牧强度, 压实效应, 草原退化

Abstract: Soil bulk density,surface hardness,0-20cm hardness and capillary capacity were tested in grazing gradient in temperatural zone semi-arid steep.The soil type is dark sandy chestnut.Thc grazing intensity range is from 0 to 6.67 shecps/ha.The research result showed:(1)It is limited(0-10cm)soil bulk density change influenced by grazing intensity.The mathematics model between soil bulk density and grazing intensity is Y=1.236＋0.595x－7.764*10-3x2.Soil compaction is the light grazing in summer(15-25.July),the heavy grazing in autumn(3-13,September),the middle grazing in spring with same grazing intensity(20 sheeps/ha).(2)Soil hardness(0-20cm)increased with grazing intensity increaes from 0 to 4(sheeps/ha),while soil hardncss(0-20cm)decreased with grazing intensity from 4 to 6.67(sheeps/ha).(3)Soil surface hardness and capillary capacity changes are not notable with grazing intensity.(4)Based research result,author divide grazing range into two stages,grazing intensity from 0 to 4(sheeps/ha)is called the resilience stage of able retum,other is called real degeneration stage that grazing intensity is from 4 to 6.67 sheeps/ha.In first stage,soil and vegetation can be returned under it's returnability,but secend stage,natural return is difficult unless taked some artifical ameliorate measures.(5)Author proposed 4sheeps/ha would be high limite that grazing on the sandy dark chestnut steep.

Key words: Inner Mongolia, Temperatural steppe, Grazing presure, Soil compaction, Grassland degradation