外购干草是否缓解了天然草原的生态压力?——来自内蒙古的回顾性调查

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.04.001

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 771-777.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.04.001

• 生态与草原修复 •

外购干草是否缓解了天然草原的生态压力?——来自内蒙古的回顾性调查

董海宾¹, 刘思博², 蒋奇伸¹, 白海花², 尹燕亭¹, Bolormaa DAMDINSUREN³, 侯向阳¹

1. 山西农业大学草业学院/农业农村部饲草高效生产模式重点实验室/生态草牧业研究中心, 山西太谷 030801;
2. 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010;
3. 蒙古国畜牧科学院, 乌兰巴托 999097-1514

收稿日期:2021-08-12 修回日期:2021-09-29 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 侯向阳,E-mail:E-mail:houxy16@126.com
作者简介:董海宾(1992-),男,汉族,甘肃会宁人,博士研究生,主要从事草原生态经济与区域可持续发展研究,E-mail:haibin3664@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(71774162);国家林业和草原局软科学项目(2019131042)共同资助

Has Purchased Hay Alleviated the Ecological Pressure of Grassland?——Retrospective Survey from Inner Mongolia

DONG Hai-bin¹, LIU Si-bo², JIANG Qi-shen¹, BAI Hai-hua², YIN Yan-ting¹, Bolormaa DAMDINSUREN³, HOU Xiang-yang¹

1. College of Pratacultutral Science, Shanxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Efficient Forage Production Mode, Ministry of Agrculture and Rural Affairs/Ecological Grass Husbandry Development Research Center, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, China;
2. Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
3. Mongolian Reserch Instutute of Animal Husbandary, Ulan Bator 999097-1514, Monglia

Received:2021-08-12 Revised:2021-09-29 Published:2022-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 外购干草在牧民载畜行为及生产方式转型中扮演着重要角色。本文利用内蒙古450户的牧户调研数据,通过核减干草效用计算牧户实际载畜率值,探究核减前后牧户载畜率的变化趋势,剖析核减干草后在新一轮草原补奖政策标准下牧户超载情况。结果表明:三类草原区牧户在核减外购干草效用后的载畜率较核减前均有不同程度下降,其中草甸草原区降幅最大,为35.09%,然后是荒漠草原区和典型草原区,分别下降31.82%,23.23%;依据第二轮草原补奖政策标准,区域内草甸草原区牧户未表现出超载行为,县域内新巴尔虎左旗牧户未呈现超载;区域内典型草原区牧户心理载畜率值最高,为0.86羊单位·hm^-2,较典型草原区牧户核减干草效用后的实际载畜率值高出11.63%;县域内新巴尔虎左旗牧户心理载畜率值最高,为1.28羊单位·hm^-2,较新巴尔虎左旗牧户核减干草效用后的实际载畜率值高出36.72%。

关键词: 内蒙古草原, 载畜率, 干草核减, 超载过牧, 心理载畜率

Abstract: This paper used the survey data of herders in Inner Mongolia to calculate the actual stocking rate (SR) from the perspective of reducing purchased hay and analyze the change in SR before and after the reduction.The study also investigated the extent of overstocking on herders'grassland under the second round of grassland ecological compensation policy.The results showed that herders'SR decreased to varying degrees after reducing the use of purchased hay across the grassland types.The meadow steppe had the largest decrease of 35.09%,followed by the desert (31.82%) and typical steppe (23.23%).According to the second round of grassland ecological subsidy and reward policy,herders in the meadow steppe (i.e.,Xin Barage Left Banner) did not show overstocking behavior.The herders'DSR in the typical steppe was the highest,reaching 0.86 sheep unit·hm^-2;it was higher than the SR of herders in the typical steppe following the reduction of hay use.Herders in Xin Barage Left Banner had the higher DSR (1.28 sheep unit·hm^-2) in the county,11.63% higher than the SR of herders in the Xin Barage Left Banner after reducing hay use by 36.72%.

Key words: Inner Mongolia grassland, Stocking rate, Hay reduction, Overstocking, Mental stocking rate

中图分类号:

F325

董海宾, 刘思博, 蒋奇伸, 白海花, 尹燕亭, Bolormaa DAMDINSUREN, 侯向阳. 外购干草是否缓解了天然草原的生态压力?——来自内蒙古的回顾性调查[J]. 草地学报, 2022, 30(4): 771-777.

DONG Hai-bin, LIU Si-bo, JIANG Qi-shen, BAI Hai-hua, YIN Yan-ting, Bolormaa DAMDINSUREN, HOU Xiang-yang. Has Purchased Hay Alleviated the Ecological Pressure of Grassland?——Retrospective Survey from Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2022, 30(4): 771-777.

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外购干草是否缓解了天然草原的生态压力?——来自内蒙古的回顾性调查

Has Purchased Hay Alleviated the Ecological Pressure of Grassland?——Retrospective Survey from Inner Mongolia

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