草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 2694-2702.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.08.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

乳酸菌添加剂对高寒牧区燕麦与箭筈豌豆混合青贮品质及酶活性的影响

徐双鹏, 赵永琦, 董晓慧, 梁文斌, 尹国丽, 鱼小军   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-18 修回日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2025-08-15 发布日期:2025-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 尹国丽, E-mail:ygl@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:徐双鹏(1998-),男,汉族,甘肃平凉人,硕士研究生,主要从事饲草栽培与加工研究,E-mail:2577005093@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘南天然草原打草场培育利用关键技术研发与示范(2022CYZC-50);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34);甘肃省技术创新引导计划-东西部科技协作专项全株青贮玉米“种+贮+喂”一体化技术集成及推广应用资助

Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Additives on Silage Quality and Enzyme Activity of Mixed Oats and Vetch in Alpine Pastures

XU Shuang-peng, ZHAO Yong-qi, DONG Xiao-hui, LIANG Wen-bing, YIN Guo-li, YU Xiao-jun   

  1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2024-11-18 Revised:2025-02-06 Online:2025-08-15 Published:2025-08-27

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨乳酸菌添加剂对高寒牧区燕麦(Avena sativa)与箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)混合青贮品质及酶活性的动态变化规律。本试验将燕麦和箭筈豌豆混合青贮,采用了2种乳酸菌添加剂[植物乳杆菌(CI)、植物乳杆菌(6H2)],以直接青贮为对照(CK),青贮7,14,45和90 d时测定其品质和酶活性。结果表明:6H2与CI组pH值和氨态氮含量在各个青贮时间点均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。青贮45和90 d时,6H2组的乳酸和乙酸含量显著高于CI,CK组;pH值显著低于CI,CK组(P<0.05)。在各个青贮时间点6H2,CI组干物质和粗蛋白含量显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。6H2组在青贮45和90 d时,酸性蛋白酶活性显著高于CI,CK组(P<0.05)。因此,乳酸菌6H2和CI改善了燕麦与箭筈豌豆混合青贮的营养成分,发酵品质和酶活性。乳酸菌6H2在高寒牧区燕麦与箭筈豌豆混合青贮中表现出更优越的发酵品质和营养成分优化效果,适宜作为该地区青贮饲料添加剂。

关键词: 燕麦, 箭筈豌豆, 混合青贮, 耐低温乳酸菌, 青贮品质, 酶活性

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to study the dynamic changes of the quality and enzyme activity of mixed silage of oats (Avena sativa) and vetch (Vicia sativa) after lactic acid bacteria addition in alpine pastures. In this experiment, a mixture of oats and vetch were silaged with two lactic acid bacteria additives [Lactobacillus plantarum (CI), Lactobacillus plantarum (6H2)], and quality and enzyme activity were determined at 7, 14, 45 and 90 d of silage, using direct silage as control (CK). The results showed that pH and ammoniacal nitrogen content of the 6H2 and CI groups were significantly lower than that of the CK group at all silage time points (P<0.05). At 45 and 90d of silage, lactic and acetic acid contents of 6H2 group were significantly higher than those of CI and CK groups; pH values were significantly lower than those of CI and CK groups (P<0.05). Dry matter and crude protein contents were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the 6H2 and CI groups than in the CK group at all silage time points. Acid protease activity was significantly higher in the 6H2 group than in the CI and CK groups at 45 and 90 d of silage (P<0.05). Accordingly, lactic acid bacteria 6H2 and CI improved the nutrient composition, fermentation quality and enzyme activity of mixed oat and vetch silage to a certain extent, and lactic acid bacteria 6H2 showed superior fermentation quality and nutrient optimisation in mixed oat and vetch silage, which is suitable for being used as silage additives in alpine pasture area.

Key words: Oats, Vetch, Mixed silage, Low-temperature-resistant lactic acid bacteria, Silage quality, Enzyme activity

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