草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 1843-1851.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.06.015

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原不同燕麦品种粒色与籽粒功能营养成分关系分析

胡泽龙1,2, 梁国玲1,2, 刘文辉1,2, 琚泽亮1,2, 李文1,2   

  1. 1. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-05 修回日期:2024-10-18 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-06-13
  • 通讯作者: 梁国玲,E-mail:qhliangguoling@163.com
  • 作者简介:胡泽龙（1998-），男，汉族，江西新余人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草育种与栽培研究，E-mail：2452234055@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    草种创新及其在草地农业系统中的作用（2023-NK-147）；国家牧草产业技术体系海北综合试验站（CARS-34）资助

Analysis of the Relationship between Grain Color and Functional Nutrient Components in Different Oat Varieties on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

HU Ze-long1,2, LIANG Guo-ling1,2, LIU Wen-hui1,2, JU Ze-liang1,2, LI Wen1,2   

  1. 1. Qinghai University College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
  • Received:2024-09-05 Revised:2024-10-18 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-06-13

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摘要： 为明确青藏高原不同粒色燕麦（Avena sativa）籽粒的营养特性，本研究选取青海省推广应用的8个燕麦品种，对不同品种籽粒内总酚、类黄酮、花色苷、β-葡聚糖、氨基酸、总蛋白、维生素E、锰和锌含量进行测定分析，探讨不同粒色燕麦品种与籽粒功能营养成分的关系，为高寒区燕麦种质资源的鉴定、专用品种选育及加工利用提供理论依据。研究表明，8个燕麦品种营养成分含量差异显著（P<0.05），其中‘青燕2号’总酚（4.678 mg·g-1）、类黄酮（3.288 mg·g-1）和花色苷含量较高（122.053 μg·g-1），较其他参试品种分别平均高59.71%，99.43%和29.67%；‘青燕6号’氨基酸（4.328 mg·g-1）、总蛋白（17.582 mg·g-1）、维生素E（120.653 μg·g-1）和锰含量最高（46.427 mg·kg-1）较其他参试品种平均分别高62.85%，30.57%，48.12%和26.46%；‘林纳’β-葡聚糖（4.095 mg·g-1）含量高，较其他参试品种平均高52.25%；‘青引2号’锌（46.427 mg·kg-1）含量高，较其他参试品种平均高82.10%；粒色分析显示，黑色籽粒燕麦的总酚、类黄酮、花色苷、维生素E和锰含量分别较黄色籽粒燕麦高35.15%，110.57%，34.46%，19.29%和19.70%，而黄色燕麦β-葡聚糖含量较黑色燕麦高37.43%。

关键词: 高寒区, 燕麦, 粒色, 营养特性

Abstract: To elucidate the nutritional characteristics of different grain-colored oats （Avena sativa） in Tibetan Plateau， in this study eight oat varieties that are widely promoted in Qinghai Province were selected as research objects. The total phenols， flavonoids， anthocyanins， β-glucan， amino acids， total protein， vitamin E， manganese， and zinc contents in the grains of different varieties were measured and analyzed. The relationship between different grain-colored oat varieties and the functional nutritional components of their grains was explored to provide a theoretical basis for the identification of oat germplasm resources， breeding of specialized varieties， and processing and utilization of them in cold regions. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the nutritional content among the eight oat varieties（P<0.05）. Specifically， ‘Qingyan No.2’ had higher contents of total phenols （4.678 g·kg-1）， flavonoids （3.288 mg·g-1）， and anthocyanins （122.053 μg·g-1）， averaging 59.71%， 99.43%， and 29.67% higher than other tested varieties， respectively. ‘Qingyan No.6’ had the highest contents of amino acids （4.328 mg·g-1）， total protein （17.582 mg·g-1）， vitamin E （120.653 μg·g-1）， and manganese （46.427 mg·kg-1）， averaging 62.85%， 30.57%， 48.12%， and 26.46% higher than other tested varieties， respectively. ‘LENA’ had a higher content of β-glucan （4.095 mg·g-1）， averaging 52.25% higher than other tested varieties. ‘Qingyin No.2’ had a higher content of zinc （46.427 mg·kg-1）， averaging 82.10% higher than other tested varieties. Grain color analysis showed that black-grained oats have higher contents of total phenols， flavonoids， anthocyanins， vitamin E， and manganese by 35.15%， 110.57%， 34.46%， 19.29%， and 19.70% compared to yellow-grained oats， respectively， while yellow oats have a higher content of β-glucan by 37.43% compared to black oats.

Key words: High-altitude cold regions, Oats, Grain color, Nutritional characteristics

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