草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 4172-4182.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.12.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

菌剂配施有机肥对高海拔地区燕麦生长及土壤特性影响

吕亮雨1,2,3, 施建军1,2,3, 蔡宗程1,2,3, 高佩1,2, 李发毅1,2   

  1. 1. 青海大学 畜牧兽医科学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海大学 省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016;
    3. 青海省 高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-04 修回日期:2025-02-06 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 施建军,E-mail:378605242@qq.com
  • 作者简介:吕亮雨(1997-),男,汉族,山东烟台人,博士研究生,主要从事牧草栽培研究,E-mail:1670240560@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技特派员专项(2024-NK-P24);青海省林草局项目-沱沱河梭罗草原种繁育技术示范(青2024TG02)资助

Effects of Combined Application of Bacterial Agents with Organic Fertilize on Oat Growth and Soil Characteristics in High Altitude Areas

LYU Liang-yu1,2,3, SHI Jian-jun1,2,3, CAI Zong-cheng1,2,3, GAO Pei1,2, LI Fa-yi1,2   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Jointly Established, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management of Alpine Grassland in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
  • Received:2025-01-04 Revised:2025-02-06 Published:2025-12-01

摘要: 为在高海拔地区推行结合微生物与有机肥料的环保施肥方案,进而建立长效的饲草生产系统,本研究以‘甜燕麦’为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,系统分析不同施肥处理下燕麦的农艺性状、产量质量及土壤健康状况,筛选菌肥最佳施用量。结果表明,与对照(CK)相比,HC4(添加哈茨木霉菌菌剂7.5 kg·hm-2,有机肥18 000 kg·hm-2)和FH4(添加复合微生物菌剂30.0 kg·hm-2,有机肥18 000 kg·hm-2)处理显著提高了燕麦株高,增幅分别为23.69%和37.90%。产量品质方面,HC3(添加哈茨木霉菌菌剂6.0 kg·hm-2,有机肥18 000 kg·hm-2)和FH3(添加复合微生物菌剂22.5 kg·hm-2,有机肥18 000 kg·hm-2)处理,燕麦干草产量高达10 935.20 kg·hm-2和13 566.80 kg·hm-2,分别较CK处理显著提高了54.45%和91.62%,且饲草品质显著提高。土壤肥力方面,HC5(添加哈茨木霉菌菌剂9.0 kg·hm-2,有机肥18 000 kg·hm-2)和FH4处理土壤有机碳含量、全氮含量显著提高,同时土壤电导率显著降低。综上所述,菌剂与有机肥配施可促进燕麦生长发育,改善土壤肥力,以HC3 和 FH3 处理效果最好,本研究为可持续农业生产提供了有效的施肥方案。

关键词: 燕麦, 哈茨木霉菌, 复合微生物菌剂, 产量品质, 高海拔地区, 土壤

Abstract: In order to promote the environmental protection fertilization scheme combining microorganisms and organic fertilizers in high altitude areas, and then establish a long-term forage production system, ‘sweet oat’ was used as the experimental material, the agronomic characters, yield and quality and soil health of oats under different fertilization treatments were systematically analyzed in a random block experiment design, and the optimum application amount of bacterial fertilizer was screened. The results showed that compared with CK, HC4Trichoderma harzianum inoculum 7.5 kg·hm-2, organic fertilizer 18 000 kg·hm-2) and FH4 (compound microbial inoculum 30.0 kg·hm-2, organic fertilizer 18 000 kg·hm-2) treatments significantly increased oat plant height by 23.69% and 37.90% respectively. In terms of yield and quality, the yield of oat hay in HC3 Trichoderma harzianum inoculum 6.0 kg·hm-2, organic fertilizer 18 000 kg·hm-2) and FH3 (compound microbial inoculum 22.5 kg·hm-2, organic fertilizer 18 000 kg·hm-2) treatments was 10 935.20 kg·hm-2 and 13 566.80 kg·hm-2, respectively, which were significantly increased by 54.45% and 91.62% respectively compared with CK treatment and the forage quality was significantly improved under this treatment. In terms of soil fertility, the contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen in soil treated with HC5Trichoderma harzianum inoculum 9.0 kg·hm-2, organic fertilizer 18 000 kg·hm-2) and FH4 were significantly increased, while the soil conductivity was significantly decreased. To sum up, the combination application of microbial agents and organic fertilizer can promote the growth and development of oats and improve soil fertility. The treatment with HC3 and FH3 have the best effects This study provides an effective fertilization scheme for sustainable agricultural production.

Key words: Oat, Trichoderma harzianum, Compound microbial agent, Yield quality, High altitude areas, Soil

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