草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 509-517.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.02.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

‘中苜3号’紫花苜蓿对不同盐碱胁迫的生长和生理响应

郭美莹1, 刘亚玲3, 李晓霞2, 刘希强2, 赵彦1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院/草地资源教育部重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;
    2. 中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所/国家林业和草原局草原研究中心, 北京 100091;
    3. 内蒙古草业技术创新中心有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010070
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-11 修回日期:2025-04-08 发布日期:2026-01-22
  • 通讯作者: 赵彦，E-mail:zhaoyannmg@imau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郭美莹（1999-），女，汉族，内蒙古锡林郭勒人，硕士研究生，主要从事草种质资源与育种研究，E-mail:15847769348@163.com；
  • 基金资助:
    农业生物育种重大专项（2022ZD0401705）；2023年国家草业技术创新中心（筹）重大创新平台建设专项（CCPTZX2023W01）；2023年呼和浩特市“揭榜挂帅”项目（2023-揭榜挂帅-社-1）资助

Growth and Physiological Responses of ‘Zhongmu No.3’ Alfalfa Cultivar to Different Saline-Alkali Stresses

GUO Mei-ying1, LIU Ya-ling3, LI Xiao-xia2, LIU Xi-qiang2, ZHAO Yan1   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources (IMAU), Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
    2. Institute of Ecological Protection and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Grassland Research Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Pratacultural Technology Innovation Center Co., Ltd, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, China
  • Received:2025-03-11 Revised:2025-04-08 Published:2026-01-22

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摘要： 为探究紫花苜蓿在盐碱土壤环境下的生长和代谢适应性，本试验以‘中苜3号’紫花苜蓿扦插苗为试验材料，设置中性盐（Neutral salt stress，NaCl+Na2SO4）和碱性盐（Alkaline salt stress，Na2CO3+NaHCO3）胁迫处理，分别设置轻度（0.3%土壤含盐量，Light）、中度（0.6%，Moderate）和重度（0.9%，Severe）三个梯度处理。胁迫15天后测定植株叶和根的生长生理指标。结果表明，紫花苜蓿在盐碱胁迫下表现出显著的生长和生理响应。随着胁迫程度增加，中性盐处理下的生长指标在重度胁迫处理（NS）下最低，碱性盐处理下随着处理程度的增加逐渐降低。叶和根中的钠离子（Na+）含量在不同处理下均显著增加，叶中丙二醛（Malondialdehyde，MDA）含量在中性盐中度胁迫处理（NM）和NS下显著升高；根和叶中的MDA含量在不同碱性盐胁迫下均显著增加。根中脯氨酸（Proline，Pro）含量在不同胁迫下均显著升高，超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性随胁迫程度增加呈先升高后降低的变化。本研究揭示了紫花苜蓿在盐碱胁迫下的生长和代谢适应机制，为耐盐碱品种选育提供了研究参考。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 盐碱胁迫, 生长指标, 生理响应

Abstract: To investigate the growth and metabolic adaptability of alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.） under saline-alkali soil conditions， this experiment used ‘Zhongmu No.3’ alfalfa cuttings as the test material. Set up neutral salt stress （NaCl+Na2SO4） and alkaline salt stress （Na2CO3+NaHCO3） treatments， with three gradient levels for each： light （0.3% soil salinity）， moderate （0.6%）， and severe （0.9%）. After 15 days of stress， the growth physiological indicators of plant leaves and roots were measured. The results showed that alfalfa exhibited significant growth and physiological responses under saline-alkali stress. With increasing stress intensity， growth parameters under neutral salt treatment reached the lowest level under severe stress treatment （NS）， whereas alkaline salt treatment exhibited a gradual decrease in growth parameters as treatment intensity escalated. The sodium ion （Na+） content in the leaves and roots significantly increased under different treatments. The content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the leaves significantly rose under moderate （NM） and NS neutral salt stress treatments； meanwhile， the MDA content in both roots and leaves significantly increased under various alkaline salt stresses. The proline （Pro） content in the roots significantly increased under different stresses， while the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） first increased and then decreased as the stress level rose. This study reveals the growth and metabolic adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa under saline-alkali stress， providing research references for the breeding of salt-tolerant varieties.

Key words: Alfalfa, Saline-alkali stress, Growth traits, Physiological response