Abstract: The influence of grazing intensity including light grazing (0.38 cattle·hm^-2), moderate grazing (0.64 cattle·hm^-2) and heavy grazing (0.90 cattle·hm^-2) on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and pH in Zhaosu Meadow Steppe was studied from 2010 to 2012 by plot grazing experiment. Result showed that the contents of soil total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in 0~10 cm, 10~20 cm, 20~30 cm soil layers were not significantly different among different grazing intensities at the same year during the short grazing period, and the same as soil pH. Compared with before grazing, the soil total nitrogen content and soil pH of 0~30 cm soil layer after grazing decreased 5.8%~29.7%, 0%~5.0%, respectively; and the contents of soil total phosphorus and potassium increased 4.5%~29.2%, 35.0%~100.8%, respectively. The contents of soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium increased and soil pH first increased then decreased with increasing grazing intensity. There was no significant correlation between grazing intensities and soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, pH under short grazing period. Whether grazing or not, the contents of soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased, pH increased with the increase of soil depth. In short, different grazing intensities under short grazing period did not have significant influence on soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium contents and soil pH value.

Key words: Grazing intensity, Meadow Steppe, Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Total potassium

摘要： 2010-2012年采用小区控制放牧试验,在伊犁昭苏草甸草原上研究了轻度放牧(0.38头牛·hm^-2)、中度放牧(0.64头牛·hm^-2)和重度放牧(0.90头牛·hm^-2)对草地全氮、全磷、全钾及pH的影响。结果表明:短期放牧条件下,同一年度不同放牧强度间0~10 cm,10~20 cm和20~30 cm土层全氮、全磷、全钾含量及pH差异不显著;与放牧前比,放牧后0~30 cm土层全氮含量及pH出现一定程度降低,降幅分别为5.8%~29.7%和0%~5.0%,而全磷、全钾含量出现一定程度的增加,增幅分别为4.5%~29.2%和35.0%~100.8%;随着放牧强度的增加,土壤全氮、全磷、全钾含量呈增加趋势,pH呈先增加后降低的趋势;短期放牧强度与土壤全氮、全磷、全钾及pH间均无显著相关性;无论放牧与否,土壤全氮、全磷含量随剖面深度的增加呈现降低趋势,而pH基本呈增加趋势。总之,短期放牧强度对草地土壤全氮、全磷、全钾、pH影响不显著。

关键词: 放牧强度, 草甸草原, 全氮, 全磷, 全钾