Abstract:

Fungicides for control of Ustilago avenae were screened. The effects of fungicides on the seedling growth, dry matter weight, root traits and seed germination of oat, as well as Ustilago avenae teliospores germination were investigated based on petri dish filter germination method. The results indicated that 33.5% Oxine-copper SC had 100% suppression rate to the pathogen teliospore of Ustilago avenae and a promoting effect on the seed germination, accumulation of dry matter, root growth of oat. The fungicide of 45% Prochloraz ES also had 100% suppression rate to the pathogen teliospore of Ustilago avenae, but had a negative impact on the seed germination, dry matter accumulation and root growth of oat. While 25% Azoxystrobin SC, 40% Flusilazole EC, and 25% Difenoconazole EC had higher inhibiting effects on pathogen teliospore of Ustilago avenae, and no influence on seed germination, dry matter accumulation and root traits of oat.

Key words: Fungicide, Oat, Ustilago avenae, Chemical control

摘要：

为更好的防治燕麦(Avena sativa)散黑穗病(Ustilago avenae),筛选可行杀菌剂并测定其对病原冬孢子萌发及燕麦幼苗生长的影响,采用水琼脂平板培养冬孢子萌发法和培养皿滤纸发芽法测定5 种杀菌剂对散黑穗病菌冬孢子萌发影响以及药剂拌种对燕麦种子发芽、干物质重、根系性状的影响。结果表明:33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂对燕麦散黑穗病病原菌冬孢子萌发抑制率为100%,且对种子发芽、干物质积累、根系生长具有促进作用;45%咪鲜胺水乳剂对燕麦散黑穗病病原菌冬孢子萌发抑制率为100%,但其拌种的燕麦种子发芽、干物质积累、根系性状均低于对照;25%嘧菌酯悬浮液、40%氟硅唑乳油、25%苯醚甲环唑乳油对燕麦散黑穗病冬孢子萌发均具有较高抑制作用,且对燕麦种子发芽、干物质积累和根系性状均无影响,其施药剂量分别为75 g·hm^-2,60 g·hm^-2和1000倍液。

关键词: 杀菌剂, 燕麦, 散黑穗病, 化学防治