Abstract: This study aimed to find the genetic relationship among populations and the gene locus controlling yield related traits of Bromus inermis,and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were selected to make the whole genome screening in 93 germplasms of Bromus inermis. On the basis of identification of population structure,genome-wide association study (GWAS) was applied to analyze the association between the SNP markers and the ten yield-related traits including plant height,ear length,stem diameter,pitch number,leaf length,leaf width,fresh and dry yield,stem and leaf weight. A total of 95 708 SNP markers were identified in 93 germplasms of Bromus inermis. The 93 germplasms of Bromus inermis were divided into three groups by phylogenetic tree analysis. Germplasms of group I was the ancestor population and those of group II and group III were evolutionary subgroups. The number of SNP core markers for plant height,ear length,stem diameter,pitch number,leaf length,leaf width,fresh and dry yield,stem and leaf weight were 20,24,19,21,29,19,26,31,25 and 33 respectively. A total of 247 core SNP markers were obtained which could help to advance the efficiency of molecular identification for Bromus inermis. This work was of great significance for accelerating the breeding process of Bromus inermis and strengthening the protection of biodiversity.

Key words: Bromus inermis, Yield traits, Genome-wide association study, Single nucleotide ploymorphism

摘要： 为了解无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis）群体亲缘关系，同时挖掘控制产量相关性状的基因位点，本试验利用单核苷酸多态性（Single nucleotide ploymorphism，SNP）标记对来自国内外93份无芒雀麦进行全基因组扫描，对茎重、干草产量、节数、鲜草产量、叶重、株高、叶长、茎粗、叶宽、穗长10个重要产量性状进行全基组关联分析和群体遗传结构分析。结果表明，93份无芒雀麦共鉴定到95 708个有效SNP标记；经构建系统进化树分析，93份无芒雀麦种质材料被分成了3个类群，第I类群材料为祖先种群，第II类群材料和第III类群材料为进化分支群；通过对10个数量性状的全基因组进行关联分析，株高、穗长、茎粗、节数、叶长、叶宽、鲜草产量、干草产量、茎重、叶重分别筛选到20，24，19，21，29，19，26，31，25，33个核心SNP标记（P<0.001）。这些SNP标记经进一步筛选鉴定，可有效提高无芒雀麦新种质的分子鉴定效率，对加快无芒雀麦育种进程、加强生物多样性保护具有重要意义。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, 产量性状, 全基因组关联分析, SNP标记