The Impacts of Stocking Rate on the Age-Structure and Ecological Niche of Stipa Breviflora Population

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.023

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (3): 998-1006.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.03.023

The Impacts of Stocking Rate on the Age-Structure and Ecological Niche of Stipa Breviflora Population

Lü Shi-jie¹, ZHANG Fan¹, LIU Hong-mei², WANG Jing¹, LIU Ju-hong¹, LI Zhi-guo¹, HAN Guo-dong¹

1. Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China;
2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China

Received:2025-04-10 Revised:2025-07-26 Published:2026-03-23

载畜率对短花针茅种群年龄结构及生态位的影响

吕世杰¹, 张帆¹, 刘红梅², 王静¹, 刘菊红¹, 李治国¹, 韩国栋¹

1. 内蒙古农业大学, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010018;
2. 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院, 内蒙古呼和浩特 010010

通讯作者: 韩国栋，E-mail：nmghanguodong@163.com
作者简介:吕世杰（1978-），男，汉族，内蒙古赤峰人，讲师，主要从事应用统计及数量生态方面研究，E-mail：lshj123@163.com；
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（32460423，32260352，32160258）；林业科研能力提升项目（104004002）资助

Abstract

Abstract: In order to research the effects of different stocking rates on the age-structure and ecological niche of Stipa breviflora population， the study was conducted on the Stipa breviflora steppe desert in Siziwang Banner， Ulanqab City， Inner Mongolia， China. A single factor random complete block design was adopted， and a comparative analysis was conducted using static life tables， ecology niche width， and ecology niche overlap index. The results showed that the age-structure of the population of Stipa breviflora changed with changing in stocking rate. With an increase in stocking rate （below the level of moderate grazing stocking rate）， individuals in the Stipa breviflora population increased from C03 level （diameter of bunch 1.1-2.1 cm） to C08 level （diameter of bunch 6.1-7.1 cm）， thereby ensuring that individuals achieve their expected physiological lifespan； Heavy grazing led to “fragmentation” and “juvenilization” of individuals of Stipa breviflora， and the mortality rate of Stipa breviflora was evenly distributed among all age groups. Below the level of moderate grazing stocking rate， the ecological niche width of the middle and elderly age groups of Stipa breviflora was relatively small， and the competition intensity among individuals was relatively weakness； The ecological niche overlap among young and middle-aged individuals was relatively high， and there was intense competition among individuals； However， heavy grazing not only led to “aggregation” and “juvenile” of Stipa breviflora individuals， but also increased the intensity of competition among individuals， resulting in intensified competition between young and middle-aged individuals. In summary， Stipa breviflora resisted grazing disturbance by transitioning from high individual age groups （young and middle-aged） to middle and elderly groups below moderate grazing stocking rate， but heavy grazing resisted grazing disturbance by “aggregation” and “juvenile” of middle and elderly individuals， thereby ensuring that the population is in an absolute dominant position in the community.

Key words: Stocking rate, Stipa breviflora, Age-structure, Ecology niche

摘要： 为探讨不同载畜率对短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）种群年龄结构及其生态位的影响，研究以内蒙古乌兰察布市四子王旗短花针茅草原为研究对象，采用单因素随机区组试验设计，结合静态生命表、生态位宽度和生态位重叠指数进行对比分析，得到初步结论如下：短花针茅种群年龄结构会因载畜率变化而变化。伴随载畜率增大（适度放牧载畜率水平以下），短花针茅种群个体由C03级（株丛径1.1~2.1 cm）向C08级（株丛径6.1~7.1 cm）方向增加，进而保证个体达到生理寿命预期；重度放牧导致短花针茅个体出现“破碎化”和“幼龄化”，短花针茅各龄级死亡率均摊。适度放牧载畜率水平以下，短花针茅中老年龄级生态位宽度较小，个体间竞争强度较小；青壮年龄级生态位重叠程度较大，个体间竞争强度较大；但重牧导致短花针茅个体破碎化和幼龄化的同时，也导致其个体间竞争强度较大，致使幼龄个体与青壮年个体竞争强度加剧。总之，短花针茅在适度放牧载畜率水平以下，其可通过高个体龄级（青壮龄级）向中老龄级过渡来抵御放牧干扰，但是重牧则通过中老龄级个体破碎化和幼龄化来抵御放牧干扰，进而保证种群在群落中处于绝对优势地位。

关键词: 载畜率, 短花针茅, 年龄结构, 生态位

CLC Number:

S812

Lü Shi-jie, ZHANG Fan, LIU Hong-mei, WANG Jing, LIU Ju-hong, LI Zhi-guo, HAN Guo-dong. The Impacts of Stocking Rate on the Age-Structure and Ecological Niche of Stipa Breviflora Population[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(3): 998-1006.

吕世杰, 张帆, 刘红梅, 王静, 刘菊红, 李治国, 韩国栋. 载畜率对短花针茅种群年龄结构及生态位的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(3): 998-1006.

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The Impacts of Stocking Rate on the Age-Structure and Ecological Niche of Stipa Breviflora Population

载畜率对短花针茅种群年龄结构及生态位的影响

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