Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 1376-1390.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.021

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Study on the Distribution Patten and Species Diversity of Plant Communities in the Piedmont Desert Zone in the Aksu River Basin

WANG Yue1,2, MIAO Zhi-guo3,4, LIN Tao3,4, CHENG Yan1,2, WANG Xian-li1,2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China;
    2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Risk Warning, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China;
    3. Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring and Restoration of Desert-Oasis, MNR, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, China;
    4. Xinjiang Comprehensive Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, China
  • Received:2025-06-17 Revised:2025-08-18 Published:2026-04-15

阿克苏河流域山前荒漠带植物群落分布格局及物种多样性研究

王悦1,2, 苗志国3,4, 林涛3,4, 程艳1,2, 王显丽1,2   

  1. 1. 新疆维吾尔自治区生态环境科学研究院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2. 新疆环境污染监控与风险预警重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    3. 自然资源部荒漠-绿洲生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002;
    4. 新疆维吾尔自治区国土综合整治中心, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830002
  • 通讯作者: 林涛,E-mail:xjlintao@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:王悦(1994-),女,汉族,河南周口人,硕士研究生,工程师,主要从事环境污染控制与修复研究,E-mail:17699101157@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    荒漠-绿洲生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心横向课题合作研究项目(2023KFKTA001)资助

Abstract: To explore the distribution pattern and influencing factors of plant communities in the desert zone of the Aksu River basin’s landscape engeneering area, this study used field survey results as the research object. The TWINSPAN method was used for quantitative classification of communities, and the CCA (canonical correspondence analysis) method was emplyed to screen significant influencing factors. The structural equation modeling was used to investigate the interactive relationship between the distribution patterns of plant communities and environmental variables. The results showed that the TWINSPAN hierarchical classification classified the 30 survey locations into 6 association types. The Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity indices showed that association II and III had the highest values, while association I and V had the lowest. The Mrgalef richness index showed that association II had the highest value, which was significantly higher than association V by 1.02 times (P<0.05). The Pielou index showed that association IV had the highest value, with relatively uniform distribution. The similarity of each community type was highest between association I and II, with the highest Jaccard’s index and Sorenson’s index values of 0.478 and 0.393. CCA ranking results indicated that the primary environmental factors influencing community distribution patterns were multi-year average precipitation, elevation, soil organic matter, and soil bulk density (P<0.001). Further analysis of the interaction between environmental factors and association distribution patterns revealed that topographic factors, consisting of elevation and slope, had the greatest influence, with a total effect size of 0.852. These factors significantly influenced meteorological and soil factors such as annual average precipitation, evaporation, and soil organic matter, thereby influencing association spatial distribution patterns. This research provides a scientific theoretical foundation and empirical support for setting ecological restoration targets, vegetation selection, and measurement formulation for the Aksu River Basin landscape engineering project.

Key words: Aksu River basin, Mountain-water Project, Species diversity, Distribution pattern, Numerical classification, Ordination analysis, Structural equation modeling

摘要: 为探究阿克苏河流域山水工程区内山前荒漠带植物群落分布格局及影响因素,以现场调查结果为研究对象,运用TWINSPAN法进行群落数量分类,通过CCA典范对应分析法筛选显著影响因子,利用结构方程模型探讨植物群丛分布格局与环境因子相互作用关系。结果表明:TWINSPAN等级分类将30个调查样点划分为6种群丛类型。各群丛类型Simpson和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数表现为群丛Ⅱ和Ⅲ最大,群丛Ⅰ和Ⅴ最小;Margalef丰富度指数表现为群丛Ⅱ最大,相比于群丛Ⅴ显著高出1.02倍(P<0.05);Pielou均匀度指数则表现为群丛Ⅳ最大,其分布较为均匀;各群丛类型相似性表现为群丛Ⅰ和Ⅱ最为相似,Jaccard’s指数和Sorenson’s指数最大,分别为0.478和0.393。CCA排序结果表明,影响群丛分布格局的主要环境因子为多年平均降雨量、多年平均蒸发量、海拔高度、土壤有机质和土壤容重(P<0.001)。进一步分析环境因子与群丛分布格局的相互关系发现,由海拔高度和坡度构成的地形因素影响最大,总效应量为0.852;通过显著影响多年平均降雨量、蒸发量和土壤有机质等气象和土壤因素,从而影响群丛空间分布格局。本研究为确定阿克苏河流域山水工程生态修复目标,植被选取及措施制定提供科学的理论依据和数据支撑。

关键词: 阿克苏河流域, 山水工程, 物种多样性, 分布格局, 数量分类, 排序分析, 结构方程模型

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