Abstract: In order to ascertain the allelopathy activity of Trifolium repens L.on grasses,the effects of decomposed liquids from Trifolium repens L.on the germination rate,germination energy,germination index,vigor index,shoot height,root height,dry weight,fresh weight of Lolium perenne L.,Festuce rubra L.,Festuce arundinacea S.,Poa pratensis L.and Agrostis stolonifera L.were studied in this paper.Bio-assay results indicated that the decomposed liquids improved both seed germination and seedling growth of all test turfgrasses at low concentration(0.011 g·mL^-1),whereas significantly inhibited at high concentration(0.090 g·mL^-1)(P<0.05).The decomposed liquids from Trifolium repens decreased the turfgrasses seed germination and inhibited the growth of seedling.The sensitive order was ranked as Poa pratensis L.>Festuce rubra L.>Agrostis stolonifera L.>Festuce arundinacea S.>Lolium perenne L..A preliminary analysis of allelochemicals showed the presence of phenolics in the decomposed liquids.The study shows that the decomposed liquids of Trifolium repens L.have allelopathic effect and inhibit the turfgrass normal growth.Allelopathy of decomposition is one of the reasons why Trifolium repens L.invades the turfgrass.

Key words: Trifolium repens L., Decomposed liquids, Turfgrass, Allelopathy

摘要： 为明确白三叶(Trifolium repens L.)入侵禾本科草坪的原因,采用室内生物测定法研究了白三叶腐解液对多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、紫羊茅(Festuca rubra L.)、高羊茅(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)、草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)和匍匐翦股颖(Agrostis stolonifera L.)种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、苗高、根长、干重、鲜重以及综合效应的影响。结果表明:白三叶残体腐解液对5种受体种子萌发以及初期生长有双重浓度效应,即低浓度(0.011 g·mL^-1)有一定促进作用,高浓度(0.090 g·mL^-1)抑制作用显著(P<0.05)。加入腐解液降低了5种受体种子的发芽率,并抑制其幼苗生长。白三叶腐解液对5种受体植物均表现出不同程度的化感作用,其化感作用敏感性的强弱顺序为草地早熟禾>紫羊茅>匍匐翦股颖>高羊茅>黑麦草;化感物质定性鉴定表明,白三叶腐解液中含带邻、间位羟基的酚类化感物质。综上所述,白三叶腐解液具有化感作用,能够影响5种草坪草正常生长,是白三叶入侵5种禾本科草坪的原因之一。

关键词: 白三叶, 腐解液, 草坪草, 化感作用