Abstract: To investigate the effects of compound microbial agents on the growth of oat （Avena sativa） in the Qaidam Basin， oat variety ‘Qingtian No.1’ was used as the experimental material. Three treatments were set up： a control （CK）， application of compound microbial agent at 75 kg·hm^-2 （B₁）， and 150 kg·hm^-2 （B₂）. Indicators such as plant height， biomass， chlorophyll content， root characteristics， and dry matter accumulation of oats were measured at the jointing stage， flowering stage， and dough stage to explore the effects of different application rates of the compound microbial agents on oat growth and root development. The results showed that： At the jointing stage， both B₁ and B₂ treatments significantly increased plant height， chlorophyll content， and biomass （P<0.05）. The B₂ treatment significantly enhanced all root indicators （P<0.05）， and oat yield showed a significant positive correlation with fresh weight and chlorophyll content （P<0.05）. At the flowering stage， both B₁ and B₂ treatments significantly increased plant height （P<0.05）， while the B₁ treatment significantly enhanced biomass （P<0.05）. At the dough stage， both B₁ and B₂ treatments significantly promoted the accumulation of chlorophyll content （P<0.05）. The B₁ treatment significantly increased plant height， while the B₂ treatment significantly increased the number of root tips （P<0.05）. Additionally， oat yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height and root surface area （P<0.05）. In summary， the application of 75 kg·hm^-2 of compound microbial agents exhibited the optimal promoting effect on aboveground oat growth and dry matter accumulation， while the application of 150 kg·hm^-2 was more beneficial for the development of underground root systems. These findings provide a theoretical basis for exploring microbial fertilizer technologies and methods to enhance forage cultivation in the Qaidam Basin.

Key words: Composite microbial fungicide, Qaidam Basin, Oat growth, Root development

摘要： 为探究复合微生物菌剂对柴达木盆地燕麦（Avena sativa）生长的影响，以燕麦（‘青甜1号’）为材料，设置空白对照（CK）、施用复合微生物菌剂75 kg·hm^-2（B₁）和150 kg·hm^-2（B₂）三个处理，分别于拔节期、开花期和蜡熟期测定燕麦的株高、生物量、叶绿素含量、根系及干物质积累量等指标，研究复合微生物菌剂的不同施用量对燕麦生长、根系发育的影响。结果表明：拔节期，B₁和B₂处理均显著增加燕麦株高、叶绿素含量及生物量（P<0.05），B₂处理显著增加燕麦根系各指标（P<0.05），同时燕麦产量与鲜重和叶绿素含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。开花期，B₁和B₂处理均显著增加燕麦株高（P<0.05），B₁处理显著增加生物量（P<0.05）。蜡熟期，B₁和B₂处理均显著增加了叶绿素含量（P<0.05），B₁处理显著增加燕麦株高，B₂处理显著提高根尖数（P<0.05），同时燕麦产量与株高和根表面积显著正相关（P<0.05）。综上所述，施用75 kg·hm^-2复合微生物菌剂对燕麦地上生长和干物质积累有最佳的促进效果，施用150 kg·hm^-2时更有利于促进燕麦地下根系发育。以上研究结果为探索柴达木盆地微生物菌肥促进牧草种植技术和方法提供了理论依据。

关键词: 复合微生物菌剂, 柴达木盆地, 燕麦生长, 根系发育