Abstract: In order to explore the influence of Formica aquilonia Yarrow on the physicochemical properties of the nest and surrounding soil,this study took the Formica aquilonia Yarrow nests as the research object,the nest edge was divided with different distances,and the change rule of soil physicochemical properties under different habitats and different distances were explored. The results showed that grassland type,distance from the nest and their interaction had significant effects on soil parameters (P<0.01). Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus were mainly affected by distance from the nest,while the other parameters were more affected by grassland type; With the increase of distance from the nest,the nest center soil pH was significantly lower than the nest edge (P<0.05),and was significantly positively correlated with distance (P<0.01), the other parameters were significantly higher than those of surrounding soil (P<0.05),and soil parameters were negatively correlated with the distance from nest (P<0.01); Through the fitting curve,the soil parameters and the distance from the nest in different grasslands all fit the function model; According to the analysis of soil parameters,except the distance from nest and available phosphorus had no correlation with pH,other parameters showed significant correlation with pH (P<0.05). Formica aquilonia Yarrow influences the propertied of soil inside and outside their nests,which have important effects on the surrounding ecosystem and promote the circulation of matter and energy in the natural ecosystem.

Key words: Formica aquilonia Yarrow, Physical and chemical properties of soil, Ant nest, Different distance, Different grasslands

摘要： 为探究北方蚁（Formica aquilonia Yarrow）对蚁巢及周围土壤理化性质的影响，本文以北方蚁蚁巢为研究对象，对蚁巢边缘进行不同距离的划分，探究不同生境、不同距离下土壤理化性质的变化特征。结果表明：草地类型、离巢距离及二者交互作用均对土壤参数有极显著影响（P<0.01），碱解氮和有效磷主要受离巢距离的影响，其余参数受草地类型的影响更大；不同草地的蚁巢均表现出蚁巢中心pH值显著低于周围土壤（P<0.05），并与离巢距离呈极显著正相关（P<0.01），其余参数显著高于周围土壤（P<0.05），并与离巢距离呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）；通过拟合曲线，各土壤参数与离巢距离均符合函数模型；综合各土壤参数分析，除离巢距离、有效磷与pH值无相关性外，其余参数间均表现出显著相关（P<0.05）。北方蚁影响蚁巢内外的土壤性质，对周围生态系统具有重要影响，并促进了自然生态系统中物质和能量的循环。

关键词: 北方蚁, 土壤理化性质, 蚁巢, 不同距离, 不同草地