奶牛常用饲草的体外发酵CH4产量研究

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2011.05.025

›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 858-864.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2011.05.025

奶牛常用饲草的体外发酵CH₄产量研究

刘树军¹, 李向林¹, 何峰¹, 万里强¹, 陈玮玮^1,2, 伊亚莉¹

1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京100193;
2. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃兰州730020

收稿日期:2011-04-08 修回日期:2011-06-17 出版日期:2011-10-15 发布日期:2012-07-12
通讯作者: 李向林,E-mail:lxl@iascaas.net.cn
作者简介:刘树军(1982- ),男,内蒙古乌盟化德县人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态、草地改良与管理、草产品加工及储藏研究,E-mail:laojun123@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-35);人工草地优质牧草生产技术研究与示范(nyhyzx07-022);公益性行业(农业)科研专项“不同区域草地承载力与家畜配置”(200903060)资助

Methane Production from Artificial Rumen Fermentation of Commonly Used Forages in Milk Cow Industry

LIU Shu-jun¹, LI Xiang-lin¹, HE Feng¹, WAN Li-qiang¹, CHEN Wei-wei^1,2, YI Ya-li¹

1. Institute of Animal Science, CAAS, Beijing 100193, China;
2. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China

Received:2011-04-08 Revised:2011-06-17 Online:2011-10-15 Published:2012-07-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究不同饲草对反刍动物甲烷(CH₄)排放量的影响,利用虚拟仪器技术设计的体外发酵产气自动记录系统,结合气相色谱仪,测定了奶牛业常用饲草体外发酵72 h后的发酵指标。结果表明:发酵72 h后,供试饲草的CH₄产量介于56.85～74.63 mL·g^-1DMloss,最高的为玉米(Zea mays L.)秸秆,最低的为苜蓿(Medicagosativa L.)干草Ⅰ。体外发酵程度由高到低依次为青贮玉米、苜蓿干草Ⅰ、苜蓿干草Ⅱ、羊草(Leymus chinensis T.)干草、苜蓿茎秆、玉米秸秆。各饲草的产气动态均呈指数函数变化,趋势相似,在0～24 h内累计产气量迅速增加,24～36 h内增长速率渐缓,36 h以后速率趋于平缓。各饲草的CH₄产量与其中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量成显著正相关(P<0.05),与其粗蛋白(CP)含量成极显著负相关(P<0.01);通过逐步回归分析,建立常规养分含量与CH₄产量的回归模型:P_CH₄=60.02-0.91×CP+0.44×ADF(R²=0.96)。综上表明,饲草的CH₄产量与其品质有关,优质饲草体外发酵程度高,CH₄产量低,从而提高饲料利用率、减少温室效应,而劣质饲草则相反。

关键词: 饲草, 体外发酵, 反刍动物, CH₄, 温室效应

Abstract: To research the effect of different forages on the methane production from ruminants,the fermentation index of forages commonly used in the milk cow industry were tested after 72 h fermentation in vitro using an automated gas production recording system and a Gas Chromatography.Results indicated that the methane yields of tested forages were 56.85~74.63 mL·g^-1 DM loss after 72 h fermentation.The methane yield of corn(Zea mays L.) stalk was the highest one and alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) hayⅠproduced the lowest yield of methane.In vitro fermentation from high to low is: corn silage,alfalfa hayⅠ,alfalfa hayⅡ,Chinensis hay(Leymus chinensis T.),alfalfa stem,corn stalk.The dynamics of gas yields produced by all tested forages followed an exponential function and had similar tendency to each other.The cumulative gas production increased rapidly in 0~24 h,the growth rate gradually slowed in 24~36 h,then became flat after 36 h.The methane yields of tested forages had significantly positive correlation to the content of its neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and had negative correlation to the content of crude protein(CP).By stepwise regression analysis,the regression model is established between conventional nutrient content and methane production: P_CH₄=60.02-0.91×CP+0.44×ADF(R²=0.96).Experimental results show that high-quality forage with high levels of in vitro fermentation and low methane productions will improve feed efficiency and reduce greenhouse effect,and poor-quality forages have the contrary.

Key words: Forages, In vitro fermentation, Ruminant, Methane, Greenhouse effect

中图分类号:

S816.401.7

刘树军, 李向林, 何峰, 万里强, 陈玮玮, 伊亚莉. 奶牛常用饲草的体外发酵CH₄产量研究[J]. , 2011, 19(5): 858-864.

LIU Shu-jun, LI Xiang-lin, HE Feng, WAN Li-qiang, CHEN Wei-wei, YI Ya-li. Methane Production from Artificial Rumen Fermentation of Commonly Used Forages in Milk Cow Industry[J]. , 2011, 19(5): 858-864.

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奶牛常用饲草的体外发酵CH₄产量研究

Methane Production from Artificial Rumen Fermentation of Commonly Used Forages in Milk Cow Industry

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