沼液对狼尾草地土壤微生物群落的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.01.008

草地学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 54-60.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.01.008

沼液对狼尾草地土壤微生物群落的影响

钟珍梅^1,2, 宋亚娜³, 黄秀声^1,2, 游小凤^1,2, 翁伯琦^1,2, 黄勤楼^2,4, 陈钟佃^1,2, 冯德庆^1,2

1. 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所, 福建福州 350003;
2. 福建省丘陵地区循环农业工程技术研究中心, 福建福州 350003;
3. 福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所, 福建福州 350003;
4. 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福建福州 350003

收稿日期:2015-02-07 修回日期:2015-07-07 出版日期:2016-02-15 发布日期:2016-04-26
通讯作者: 翁伯琦
作者简介:钟珍梅(1975-),女,畲族,博士,副研究员,主要从事农业生态和污染生态研究,E-mail:mume19@126.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B15,2011BAD17B02);福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2014R1017-7);福建省水土保持重大专项(2012NZ0002)资助

Effects of Biogas Slurry Application on the Soil Microorganisms of P.americanum × P.purpureum Grassland

ZHONG Zhen-mei^1,2, SONG Ya-na³, HUANG Xiu-sheng^1,2, YOU Xiao-feng^1,2, WENG Bo-qi^1,2, HUANG Qin-lou^2,4, CHEN Zhong-dian^1,2, FENG De-qing^1,2

1. Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (FAAS), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350003, China;
2. Fujian Engineering and Technology Research Center for Hilly Prataculture, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350003, China;
3. Institute of biotechnology, FAAS, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350003, China;
4. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, FAAS, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350003, China

Received:2015-02-07 Revised:2015-07-07 Online:2016-02-15 Published:2016-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探明沼液浇灌对土壤肥力及微生物的影响,揭示沼液提高土壤肥力的机制,本文采用氯仿熏蒸法、荧光定量PCR(fluorescence quantitative PCR)和PCR-DGGE法研究不同梯度沼液浇灌量(折纯N量200,150,100,50kgN·hm^-2)对狼尾草(P.americanum×P.purpureum)地土壤微生物的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,沼液浇灌能显著提高土壤微生物生物量N和C,且沼液浇灌量与微生物量N和C的增量显著相关。沼液浇灌还能显著增加细菌16SrDNA基因和真菌SSUrDNA基因丰度,其中200kgN·hm^-2处理含16SrDNA基因和SSUrDNA基因的微生物数量最多,沼液浇灌量与土壤中含16SrDNA基因和SSUrDNA基因的微生物数量呈显著正相关,但显著降低固氮菌nifH的基因丰度。沼液浇灌人工草地对包括细菌、真菌和固氮菌在内的土壤微生物群落多样性无显著影响,可促进含16SrDNA基因和SSUrDNA基因的微生物繁殖,但在一定程度上会抑制含nifH基因的微生物的繁殖,改变土壤含16SrDNA基因、SSUrDNA基因和nifH基因的微生物数量。

关键词: 沼液, 细菌, 真菌, 固氮菌, 基因丰度, 微生物多样性

Abstract:

In order to reveal the effects of biogas slurry application on improving soil fertility, the change of soil microorganisms under different amounts of biogas slurry (equal to 200, 150, 100 and 50 kg N·ha^-2pure N) application on Pennisetum.americanum × Pennisetum.purpureum grassland was studied by chloroform fumigation, fluorescence quantitative PCR and PCR-DGGE methods based on field experiment. The results showed that soil microbial biomass C and N of 4 treatments significantly increased by biogas slurry application compared to control, and there was a significant correlation between the slurry application amount and the increment of soil microbial biomass C and N. Biogas slurry significantly increased the abundance of 16S rDNA and SSU rDNA gene which was significantly related with the application amount of biogas slurry, and the quantities of 16S rDNA-containing bacterial and SSU rDNA-containing fungi were the maximum in the treatment of containing 200 kg N·ha^-2 biogas slurry, while the abundance of nifH -containing gene significantly decreased. As a result, it could conclude that the application of biogas slurry has no significant effect on the community diversity of soil bacteria, fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, but promotes the growth of microorganisms containing 16S rDNA gene and SSU rDNA genes, inhibits bacterial growth containing nifH gene, and changes the number of microorganisms.

Key words: Biogas slurry, Bacterial, Fungi, Azotobacter, Gene abundance, Microbial community diversity

中图分类号:

S182

钟珍梅, 宋亚娜, 黄秀声, 游小凤, 翁伯琦, 黄勤楼, 陈钟佃, 冯德庆. 沼液对狼尾草地土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2016, 24(1): 54-60.

ZHONG Zhen-mei, SONG Ya-na, HUANG Xiu-sheng, YOU Xiao-feng, WENG Bo-qi, HUANG Qin-lou, CHEN Zhong-dian, FENG De-qing. Effects of Biogas Slurry Application on the Soil Microorganisms of P.americanum × P.purpureum Grassland[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2016, 24(1): 54-60.

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沼液对狼尾草地土壤微生物群落的影响

Effects of Biogas Slurry Application on the Soil Microorganisms of P.americanum × P.purpureum Grassland

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