种植时间对西藏地区青贮玉米发酵品质和微生物多样性的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.02.030

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 488-496.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.02.030

种植时间对西藏地区青贮玉米发酵品质和微生物多样性的影响

商振达^1,2, 谭占坤^1,2, 李家奎^1,3, 卓嘎¹, 王宏辉^1,2, 谢国平¹, 刘锁珠^1,2

1. 西藏农牧学院动物科学学院, 西藏林芝 860000;
2. 西藏高原饲料加工工程研究中心, 西藏林芝 860000;
3. 华中农业大学动物医学院, 湖北武汉 430070

收稿日期:2018-10-11 修回日期:2019-03-13 出版日期:2019-04-15 发布日期:2019-05-30
通讯作者: 刘锁珠
作者简介:商振达(1988-),男,吉林吉林人,硕士,讲师主要从事高原动物营养与饲料加工研究,E-mail:446809464@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（31760673）；西藏高原饲料加工工程研究中心项目资助

Effects of Different Planting Seasons on the Fermentation Quality and Microbial Diversity of Corn Silage in Tibet

SHANG Zhen-da^1,2, TAN Zhan-kun^1,2, LI Jia-kui^1,3, ZHUO Ga¹, WANG Hong-hui^1,2, XIE Guo-ping¹, LIU Suo-zhu^1,2

1. College of Animal Science, Tibet Agricultural & Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, China;
2. Tibetan Plateau Feed Processing Research Center, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, China;
3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hua zhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China

Received:2018-10-11 Revised:2019-03-13 Online:2019-04-15 Published:2019-05-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文旨在研究西藏地区不同种植时间对青贮玉米发酵品质和微生物多样性的影响，为西藏地区玉米青贮饲料制作提供理论依据。以西藏地区春玉米（3月种植，10月刈割）和夏玉米（6月种植，10月刈割）为材料，进行青贮饲料制作，青贮后的第7，14，30和60 d开窖取样，测定青贮饲料的发酵品质和微生物多样性。结果表明：种植时间会影响玉米的营养成分和发酵品质，相比于春玉米，夏玉米青贮饲料中干物质含量、pH值、丁酸含量和氨态氮/总氮更低，但乳酸和水溶性碳水化合物含量更高。微生物多样性结果显示，与春玉米相比，夏玉米青贮饲料中变形菌门丰度更低，厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和LAB菌种的丰度更高。因此，夏玉米青贮饲料的发酵品质更好。

关键词: 玉米, 青贮饲料, 不同种植时间, 发酵品质, 微生物多样性

Abstract: This experiment mainly studied the effect of different planting seasons on the fermentation quality and microbial diversity of the corn silage,which would provide a theoretical basis for the production of whole corn silage in Tibet. The spring corn (planted in March and harvested in October) and summer corn (planted in June harvested in October) were used as materials to make silage. The laboratory silos were opened after 7,14,30 and 60 ensiling days to analyze the fermentation quality and the microbial diversity. The results showed that the planting time affected the fermentation quality and the microbial diversity of corn,the content of dry matter,the pH value,the content of butyric acid and the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen value in summer corn were lower than that in spring corn,but the content of lactic acid and the water-soluble carbohydrates were higher. According to the results of microbial diversity analysis,summer corn silage had lower abundance of Proteobacteria and higher abundance of Firmicutes,Bacteroides and LAB bacteria compared with spring corn. Therefore,compared with spring corn,the fermentation quality of summer corn silage was better.

Key words: Corn, Silage, Different planting time, Fermentation quality, Microbial diversity

中图分类号:

S544

商振达, 谭占坤, 李家奎, 卓嘎, 王宏辉, 谢国平, 刘锁珠. 种植时间对西藏地区青贮玉米发酵品质和微生物多样性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2019, 27(2): 488-496.

SHANG Zhen-da, TAN Zhan-kun, LI Jia-kui, ZHUO Ga, WANG Hong-hui, XIE Guo-ping, LIU Suo-zhu. Effects of Different Planting Seasons on the Fermentation Quality and Microbial Diversity of Corn Silage in Tibet[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019, 27(2): 488-496.

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种植时间对西藏地区青贮玉米发酵品质和微生物多样性的影响

Effects of Different Planting Seasons on the Fermentation Quality and Microbial Diversity of Corn Silage in Tibet

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