草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 968-975.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.04.013

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

PEG胁迫对经60Co-γ辐射无芒雀麦种子的幼苗叶片超微结构的影响

李红1, 李波2, 杨曌1, 李祥莉2   

  1. 1. 黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医分院, 黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161005;
    2. 齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院, 抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江省重点实验室, 黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 161006
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-26 修回日期:2020-04-08 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 李波
  • 作者简介:李红(1960-),女,山东莱芜人,研究员,现主要从事牧草与饲料作物育种与栽培研究工作,E-mail:hljlihong@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-34）；黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（135209267，YSTSXK201886）；齐齐哈尔市科技计划项目（NYGG-201916）共同资助

Effects of PEG Stress on Leaf Ultrastructure of Bromus Inermis Seedings with Seeds Treated by 60Co-gamma Radiation

LI Hong1, LI Bo2, YANG Zhao1, LI Xiang-li2   

  1. 1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province 161005, China;
    2. College of Agriculture, Forestry and Life Sciences, Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Resistance Gene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province 161006, China
  • Received:2020-02-26 Revised:2020-04-08 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-07-28

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摘要： 为明确60Co-γ射线对干旱条件下无芒雀麦（Bromus inermis）叶片的影响，从而为无芒雀麦利用辐射进行抗旱育种提供理论依据，本试验应用透射电镜观察聚乙二醇（Polyethylene glycol，PEG）模拟干旱胁迫下的60Co-γ射线辐射无芒雀麦的叶片细胞，比较辐射对无芒雀麦叶片细胞、叶绿体、线粒体的形态和超微结构的影响。试验结果表明：未受辐射和PEG胁迫的无芒雀麦叶片细胞形态规则，叶绿体基粒片层和基质片层多且有序，线粒体膜完整，内嵴清晰，基质浓厚。10% PEG胁迫50 Gy辐射处理组叶片细胞扭曲最严重，形态不规则，细胞壁厚度不均，质膜内陷，有轻微质壁分离。10%和20% PEG胁迫下辐射剂量为50 Gy时，叶绿体和线粒体形态和超微结构受影响程度较轻，随着干旱胁迫强度和辐照剂量的增加，叶绿体和线粒体超微结构受损伤程度增强；20% PEG胁迫下辐射剂量为200 Gy时，叶绿体膜有不同程度破损，基粒片层排列的紊乱性增加，部分基粒片层不清晰，基质类囊体片层结构清晰，可见少量淀粉粒；线粒体膜破损比较严重，内嵴减少，排列不规则，基质较浅。可见，不同60Co-γ射线辐射剂量可对无芒雀麦叶片叶绿体和线粒体超微结构产生不同程度的影响，在利用60Co-γ射线辐射进行无芒雀麦耐旱性育种时，可选择50 Gy低辐射剂量结合20% PEG模拟干旱胁迫进行抗旱性突变体的筛选。

关键词: 无芒雀麦, PEG胁迫, 60Co-γ辐射, 叶片结构

Abstract: In order to find out the effect of 60Co-γ radiation on the leaves of Bromus inermis under drought,and to provide theoretical basis for Bromus inermis breeding under drought,the leaf cells of Bromus inermis,of which seeds exposed to 60Co-γ radiation under drought stress were observed by transmission electron microscope,to compare the impacts of radiation on the morphological and ultrastructural structure of leaf cells,chloroplasts and mitochondria. The results showed that the cell morphology of Bromus inermis leaves was regular with plenty and orderly basal lamellae and stromal lamellae in chloroplast without irradiation and PEG stress. The membrane of mitochondria in the leaves of Bromus inermis was intact with clear cristae and the thick matrix. Under the stress of 10%PEG,the cells in the leaves,from seeds radiated by 50 Gy,distorted seriously,with largely irregular cell morphology,uneven cell wall thickness,invaginated plasmalemma and slight separation of cytoplasm and cell wall. When the radiation dose was 50 Gy under 10% and 20%PEG stress,the morphology and ultrastructure of chloroplast and mitochondrion were slightly affected. The damage degree of chloroplast and mitochondrial ultrastructure increased with the increasing of drought stress and irradiation dose. When the irradiation dose was 200 Gy under 20%PEG stress,the chloroplast membrane of leaf cells was damaged to some extent,the arrangement of basal lamellae tended to disorderly,some basal lamellae were not clear,while the structure of stromal thylakoid lamellae was clear,and a small amount of starch granules could be seen. The mitochondrial membrane of leaf cells was damaged seriously,with declined internal crista,irregular arrangement and shallow matrix. The ultrastructures of chloroplasts and mitochondria of Bromus inermis leaves were damaged to varying degrees by 60Co-γ irradiation. In the drought resistance breeding of Bromus inermis with 60Co-γ radiation,the low dose of 50 Gy combined with 20%PEG simulated drought stress could be selected to screen the drought resistant mutants.

Key words: Bromus inermis, PEG stress, 60Co-gamma radiation, Leaf structure

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