草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 189-194.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.01.023

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

添加不同浓度黑曲霉菌液对饲用苎麻混合青贮品质影响

邓荟芬1,2,3, 刘艳1,2, 揭红东1,2, 马玉申1,2, 何鹏亮1,2, 黄丽娟1,2, 林子群1,2, 邢虎成1,2, 揭雨成1,2   

  1. 1. 湖南农业大学苎麻研究所, 湖南 长沙 410125;
    2. 湖南省草类作物种质创新与利用工程技术研究中心, 湖南 长沙 410125;
    3. 湖南生物机电职业技术学院, 湖南 长沙 410127
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-21 修回日期:2020-05-18 发布日期:2021-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 揭雨成
  • 作者简介:邓荟芬(1982-),女,博士,山东德州人,讲师,主要从事草业科学研究,E-mail:110990634@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省重点领域研发计划（2017NK2300）；湖南省草食动物产业技术体系牧草种植与秸杆加工利用岗位专项；湖南省草地资源清查外业调查技术服务（2018xny-js097）资助

Effects of Adding Different Concentrations of Aspergillus niger Liquid on the Quality of Mixed Ramie Silage

DENG Hui-fen1,2,3, Liu Yan1,2, MA Yu-shen1,2, JIE Hong-dong1,2, HE Peng-liang1,2, HUANG Li-juan1,2, LIN Zi-qun1,2, XING Hu-cheng1,2, JIE Yu-cheng1,2   

  1. 1. Ramie Research Institute, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410125, China;
    2. Hunan Province Grass Crop Germplasm Innovation and Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center, Changsha, Hunan Province 410125, China;
    3. Hunan Biological And Electromechanical Polytechnic, Changsha, Hunan Province 410127, China
  • Received:2020-04-21 Revised:2020-05-18 Published:2021-01-08

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摘要： 为了解决苎麻（Boehmeria nivea）木质纤维素含量过多的问题，本试验设计了4个处理，在每千克混合青贮（80%苎麻+18%麦麸+2%蔗糖）中添加不同浓度的黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）菌液（添加50 mL黑曲霉菌液+150 mL无菌水为处理Ⅰ、添加100 mL黑曲霉菌液+100 mL无菌水为处理Ⅱ、添加150 mL黑曲霉菌液+50 mL无菌水为处理Ⅲ、添加200 mL黑曲霉菌液为处理Ⅳ、添加200 ml无菌水为对照组（CK）），发酵30 d后开包取样分析各项指标。结果显示，添加黑曲霉菌液显著提高了青贮中可溶性碳水化合物、干物质、乳酸和乙酸含量（P<0.05），显著降低了青贮中pH和氨态氮/总氮比值（P<0.05）；处理Ⅱ、处理Ⅲ和处理Ⅳ组显著降低了青贮中中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维及酸性不溶木质素含量（P<0.05）；对处理Ⅱ组样品进行酶活检测发现，随着发酵时间的延长，羧甲基纤维素酶、锰过氧化物酶、漆酶和木聚糖酶4种酶酶活都有不同程度降低。从节约成本角度考虑，处理Ⅱ组是进行木质纤维素降解、青贮品质提高的最佳处理。

关键词: 黑曲霉, 饲用苎麻, 青贮, 木质纤维素

Abstract: In order to solve the problem of excessive lignocellulose content in ramie (Boehmeria nivea),4 treatments were designed in this experiment,adding different concentrations of Aspergillus niger liquid per kilogram of mixed silage (80% ramie + 18% wheat bran + 2% sucrose): 50 mL of Aspergillus niger + 150 mL of sterile water were added in treatment Ⅰ,add 100 mL of Aspergillus niger + 100 mL of sterile water were added in treatment Ⅱ,add 150 mL of Aspergillus niger + 50 mL of sterile water were added in treatment Ⅲ，add 200 mL of Aspergillus niger liquid were added in treatment IV,200 mL of sterile water was added in control group (CK). The samples were unpacked and analyzed after 30 days of ensling. The results showed that,the four treatments all significantly increased water-soluble carbohydrate concent,dry matter,lactic acid and acetic acid (P<0.05),and significantly reduced the pH value and NH3-N/TN content of mixed silage (P<0.05). Group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ significantly reduced neutral detergent fiber,crude fiber,acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin content of mixed silage (P<0.05). From the perspective of cost saving,the treatment group Ⅱ is the best treatment to degrade cellulose and improve the quality of silage. Enzyme activity of the treated group Ⅱ samples was analyzed. Four enzymes:carboxymethylcellulase,manganese peroxidase,laccase and xylanase were detected,and the enzyme activity decreased with the extension of fermentation time. With the extension of the fermentation time,the enzyme activity decreased to varying degrees.

Key words: Aspergillus niger, Feeding ramie, Silage, Lignocellulosic

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