草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 871-878.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.03.021

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

2000—2020年西藏土地利用变化分析

古晋锴1,2,4, 李晴婉1,4, 李庆琳3, 向生建1,2,4, 李婉池1,2,4, 王顺斌1, 唐国勇1,4   

  1. 1. 中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室, 云南 昆明 650233;
    2. 南京林业大学 风景园林学院, 江苏南京 210037;
    3. 云南大学 国际河流与生态安全研究院, 云南 昆明 650504;
    4. 云南元谋干热河谷生态系统定位观测研究站, 元谋干热河谷荒漠综合治理国家长期科研基地, 云南 楚雄 675000
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-21 修回日期:2024-07-09 发布日期:2025-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 唐国勇,E-mail:tangguoyong1980@caf.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:古晋锴（1997-）,男,汉族,山西晋中人,硕士研究生,主要从事西藏草原土壤与环境生态研究,E-mail：gujinkai2022@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（32471714）资助

Analysis of Land Use Change in Xizang from 2000 to 2020

GU Jin-kai1,2,4, LI Qing-wan1,4, LI Qing-lin3, XIANG Sheng-jian1,2,4, LI Wan-chi1,2,4, WANG Shun-bin1, TANG Guo-yong1,4   

  1. 1. Institute of Highland Forest Science, State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650233, China;
    2. School of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210037, China;
    3. International Rivers and Ecological Security Research Institute of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650504, China;
    4. Yuanmou Desert Ecosystem Research Station, National Long-Term Scientific Research Base of comprehensive control, Chuxiong, Yunnan Province 675000, China
  • Received:2024-05-21 Revised:2024-07-09 Published:2025-04-07

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摘要： 西藏是我国重要的生态安全屏障,研究西藏土地利用变化是确保西藏发挥生态安全屏障的重要基础,对实现可持续发展有重要意义。本研究以武汉大学2000—2020年5期土地利用数据为基础,结合土地利用转移矩阵、土地利用动态度以及土地利用程度综合指数对西藏土地利用状况进行分析。结果表明：西藏主要用地类型为草地,且草地是其他土地利用类型的主要转入型,占全区总面积的73%左右,其次为未利用地,建设用地所占比重最小,但变化波动最大；除未利用地以外,耕地、林地、草地、水域以及建设用地面积总体增加；2000—2005年西藏土地变化最为剧烈,其中草地和未利用地变化最为显著,2015—2020年西藏土地变化最稳定；西藏土地利用变化程度总体趋于平缓,但仍然朝着城市化方向发展。研究表明,作为主要土地利用类型的草地仍是未来保护的重点；人口增加和城市化的发展有可能产生新的生态问题,在未来发展中要根据土地利用变化情况制定相应的发展与保护政策。

关键词: 西藏土地利用, 草地, 土地利用动态度, 土地利用综合程度指数

Abstract: Xizang is a crucial ecological security barrier for China. Monitoring and researching land use changes in Xizang is fundamental to ensure its role as an ecological security barrier and is of great significance for achieving sustainable development. Based on five phases of land use data from Wuhan University spanning from 2000 to 2020, this study analyzes the land use changes in Xizang. The results showed： （1） grasslands are the primary land use type in Xizang and the main source of land conversion to other types, accounting for approximately 73% of the total area of the region. This is followed by unutilized land. Construction land accounts for the smallest proportion but exhibits the biggest fluctuations. Except for unutilized land, the areas of cultivated land, forest land, grassland, water bodies, and construction land generally increased. （2） The period from 2000 to 2005 experienced the most dramatic land use changes in Xizang, with the most marked changes observed in grassland and unutilized land. The period from 2015 to 2020 showed the most stable changes, showing an overall trend towards urbanization in Xizang. （3） Although the overall degree of land use change in Xizang tends to be moderate, it is still moving towards urbanization. The increasing population and urbanization may lead to new conflicts. In future development, it is essential to formulate appropriate utilization and protection policies based on land use change trends.

Key words: Land use in Xizang, Grassland, Land use dynamics, Land use comprehensive degree index

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