草地学报

›› 2002, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (1): 45-49.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2002.01.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

放牧强度对羊草草原的影响

王玉辉1,2, 何兴元1, 周广胜2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016;
    2. 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究实验室, 北京, 100093
  • 收稿日期:2001-05-18 修回日期:2001-07-27 出版日期:2002-02-15 发布日期:2002-02-15
  • 作者简介:王玉辉(1972- ),女,博士,主要从事全球生态学,尤其是陆地生态系统对全球变化反应研究,已发表论文20余篇,E-mail:wzhougs＠public2.east.net.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究专项经费资助项目《我国生存环境演变和北方干旱化趋势预测研究》(G1999043407)、中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-1-07)、基金面上项目(49905005,30070642)及国家杰出青年基金B类项目(No.30028001),经费资助

Study on the Responses of Leymus chinensis Steppe to Grazing in Songnen Plain

WANG Yu-hui1,2, HE Xing-yuan1, ZHOU Guang-sheng 2   

  1. 1. Institute of Shenyang Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China;
    2. Laboratory of Quantifative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany CAS, Beijing 100093, China
  • Received:2001-05-18 Revised:2001-07-27 Online:2002-02-15 Published:2002-02-15

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摘要： 研究放牧强度对羊草草原植物群落组成、数量特征、生物量及土壤特性等的影响.结果表明,随着放牧强度的增加,羊草草原的植被盖度和生物量随之降低,优势羊草群落将逐渐被盐生植物所替代,群落结构趋于简化,物种向旱生化和盐生化演替.同时土壤容重、含水量、有机质和氮、磷、钾、钙、镁等营养元素含量亦随着放牧强度的增加而逐渐降低.春季过度放牧对土壤表层的水分、有机质和钙、镁等元素造成的损失最为严重.因此,制定科学的草原管理措施,特别是春季限制放牧等措施对于维持草原的可持续发展具有重要意义.

关键词: 羊草草原, 群落特征, 土壤特性, 放牧

Abstract: Effects of human activity on terrestrial ecosystems have being drawn more and more attention with the development of global change study.As a case study,the responses of Leymus chinensis steppe of Songnen plain in northeast of China to human being activity(light grazing,middle grazing,heavy grazing and overgrazing)were discussed based on the field observed data.The results indicate that (1)with the increase of grazing intensities from light,middle,heavy to overgrazing,plant coverage and aboveground/belowground biomass decreases,the structure of plant community changes from simple to complexity and to simple,the type of plant community changes from mesophytes+xerophytes to xerophytes and to halophytes.(2)with the increase of grazing intensity,soil volume weight,pH values,soil water content,soil organic matter and the contents of nitrogen,phosphorous,potassium,calcium and magnesium in soil surface(0～10cm) also decrease.And it is in spring that soil water content,soil organic matter and calcium and magnesium suffered more seriously damage from overgrazing.Therefore it is urgent important to find out strategies,methods and countermeasures in order to ensure the sustainable development of Leymus chinensis steppe ecosystem.

Key words: Leymus chinensis steppe, Plant community, Soil property, Grazing

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