草地学报

›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 467-473.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2013.03.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青海省玛沁县冬虫夏草适生地植物群落及土壤理化性质分析

杨莉1,2, 师生波1, 贺金生1,3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 高原生物适应与进化重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810008;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 北京大学城市与环境学院生态学系 地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-27 修回日期:2013-02-16 出版日期:2013-06-15 发布日期:2013-06-05
  • 通讯作者: 师生波
  • 作者简介:杨莉(1988- ),女,青海西宁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物生理生态学,E-mail:angeline0322@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-G-076)资助

Analysis of Plant Community and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Ophiocordyceps sinensis Adaptive Area in Maqin County of Qinghai Province

YANG Li1,2, SHI Sheng-bo1, HE Jin-sheng1,3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biology, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Received:2012-12-27 Revised:2013-02-16 Online:2013-06-15 Published:2013-06-05

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摘要： 鉴于研究冬虫夏草(Ophiocordyceps sinensis)生境资源保育和人工促繁技术的需要,在青海省果洛州玛沁县东倾沟乡建立密集和稀疏2个冬虫夏草分布区域作为试验样地,分别设立2条研究土壤物理性质和草地植被的试验样带。结果表明:密集和稀疏2个冬虫夏草生长区域的草本植被群落结构简单,物种多样性较低,蝙蝠蛾(Hepialus)幼虫喜食植物种类在植物组成中占多数;冬虫夏草密集区5~20 cm土壤容重为0.68 g·cm-3左右,容重小且土质疏松,土壤含水量为40%~50%,形成适宜冬虫夏草生长的土壤环境有利于蝠蛾病原微生物孢子萌发和生长;冬虫夏草密集区土壤呈弱酸性,pH值为6.3,土壤电导率值为150~200 μs·cm-1,较稀疏区略高;冬虫夏草密集区大于2 mm砾石含量占9.79%,0.05~2 mm砂粒占39.52%,相较于稀疏区土壤空隙度大、渗透性好,有利于蝙蝠蛾幼虫的生长。

关键词: 冬虫夏草, 土壤容重, 土壤pH值, 土壤电导率, 土壤颗粒组成, 物种多样性

Abstract: In view of the increasing importance of habitat conservation and artificial forcing breeding of Ophiocordyceps sinensis, a study of soil physiochemical properties and grassland vegetation was recently made in two areas where O. sinensis was densely and sparsely distributed in Dongqinggou Township, Maqin Prefecture of Qinghai Province. Results showed simple plant community structure and low species biodiversity in O. sinensis habitats. Dominant species of the communities were considered a food source for Hepialus larvae. Soil bulk density was 0.68 g·cm-3 and soil water content was 40%~50% at the depth of 5~20 cm of the O. sinensis densely distributed area. Low soil bulk density and loose soil texture could benefit spore germination and growth of Hepialus pathogenic microorganisms. Soil pH was 6.3 and the soil conductivity was 150~200 μs·cm-1 in O. sinensis densely distributed area, slightly higher than that in the sparsely distributed area. Gravel content was 9.79% at the depth of >2 mm, and 39.52% at the depth of 0.05~2 mm at the densely distributed area that was higher than that at the sparsely distributed area. These results indicated that high soil porosity and permeability would be suitable for the growth of Hepialus larvae.

Key words: Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Soil bulk density, pH, Conductivity of soil, Soil particle composition, Species diversity

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