草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 1309-1316.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.05.025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近自然恢复状态下荒漠草原不同群落表土粒度特征研究

王瑞东1, 高永1, 党晓宏1,2, 蒙仲举1, 张格3, 张超1, 万芳1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    2. 内蒙古杭锦荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017400;
    3. 中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心, 内蒙古 蹬口 015200
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-26 修回日期:2019-06-29 出版日期:2019-10-15 发布日期:2019-11-09
  • 通讯作者: 党晓宏
  • 作者简介:王瑞东(1994-),男,内蒙古武川县人,博士研究生,研究方向为荒漠化防治,E-mail:wangruidong0226@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（51769019）；国家自然科学基金项目（41967009）资助

Study on the Surface Soil Particle Size Characteristics of Different Types of Vegetation under Nearly Natural Restoration in the Desert Grassland

WANG Rui-dong1, GAO Yong1, DANG Xiao-hong1,2, MENG Zhong-ju1, ZHANG Ge3, ZHANG Chao1, WAN Fang1   

  1. 1. Desert Science and Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Hangjin Desert Ecological Position Research Station, Ordos, Inner Mongolia 017400, China;
    3. Exprimental Center of Desert Forestry, CAF, Dengkou, Inner Mongolia 015200, China
  • Received:2019-02-26 Revised:2019-06-29 Online:2019-10-15 Published:2019-11-09

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摘要： 通过对希拉穆仁围封区域荒漠草原近自然恢复状态下不同类型群落地表颗粒粒度特征的研究，探讨草地不同类型群落地表土壤风蚀粗粒化差异及特征，从而为该地区草原地表粗化程度评估和植被群落稳定、草地退化防治提供依据。本试验以希拉穆仁荒漠草原围封16年的以蒙古韭（Allium mongolicum）、银灰旋花（Convoloulus ammannii）、克氏针茅（Stipa krylovii）、羊草（Leymus chimensis）、洽草（Koeleria glauca）、短花针茅（Stipa brevii））6种植物为优势种的不同类型群落表层土壤为研究对象，利用激光衍射技术测量地表0~2 cm土壤粒度组成，分析不同类型群落表层土壤的平均粒径、标准偏差、偏度、峰态等粒度参数变化情况，探讨风蚀颗粒频率分布范围。结果表明：表层土壤粒度组成均以砂粒、粉粒为主，黏粒含量较低。偏度可作为有效粒度参数指标。除克氏针茅群落土壤粒径分布呈单峰分布外，其余群落基本呈双峰或多峰分布。研究区近自然状态下易风蚀颗粒范围为110~250 μm。因此，当地应继续坚持长期围封，防止草原土壤向粗粒化方向发展。

关键词: 粒度特征, 荒漠草原, 群落类型, 风蚀

Abstract: To study the surface soil particle size characteristics of different vegetation types under close-to-nature state of the desert grassland and to explore the differences and characteristics of surface soil wind erosion coarse-granulation of different grassland to provide the basis for evaluating the degree of grassland surface coarsening and controlling the vegetation community stability and grassland degradation. In this research,laser diffraction technique was used to identify the soil particle size distributions of the topsoil(0~2 cm)of six different communities (Allium mongolicum,Convoloulus ammannii,Stipa krylovii,Leymus chimensis,Koeleria glauca,and Stipa brevii),and the particle parameters such as the average particle size,standard deviation,skewness,kurtosis,fractal dimension were calculated to analyze the soil particle size characteristics in the desert steppe and to explore the frequency distribution range of wind erosion particles. The results indicated that the grain size composition of the surface soil was dominated by sand and silt,and the clay content was low. Skewness can be used as an indicator of effective particle size parameters. The soil particle size distribution of Stipa krylovii community showed a single peak distribution,and the other communities showed a bimodal or multimodal distribution. The range of local wind erosion particles is 110~250 μm. The local area should continue to be fenced for a long-term enclosure to prevent the development of coarse soil granulation.

Key words: Particle size characteristics, Desert steppe, Community type, Wind erosion

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