草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 2486-2493.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.11.014

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

极端干旱区种植行距对油莎豆生长及土壤特性的影响

刘亚兰1,2,3,4, 赵月1,2,3,4, 徐梦琦1,2,3,4, 柴旭田1,2,3,4, 曾凡江1,2,3, 李向义1,2,3, 李磊1,2,3, 黄彩变1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆荒漠植物根系生态与植被修复重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    3. 新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆 策勒 848300;
    4. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-11 修回日期:2021-07-13 出版日期:2021-11-15 发布日期:2021-12-06
  • 通讯作者: 黄彩变,E-mail:huangcaibian7001@sina.com
  • 作者简介:刘亚兰(1996-),女,汉族,河北沧州人,硕士研究生,主要从事植物生态学研究,E-mail:826703328@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2019YFC0507603-01，2019YFC0507602-2）资助

Effect of Row Spacing on the Growth of Cyperus esculentus and Soil Properties in Extremely Arid Region

LIU Ya-lan1,2,3,4, ZHAO Yue1,2,3,4, XU Meng-qi1,2,3,4, CHAI Xu-tian1,2,3,4, ZENG Fan-jiang1,2,3, LI Xiang-yi1,2,3, LI Lei1,2,3, HUANG Cai-bian1,2,3   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China;
    3. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, Xinjiang 848300, China;
    4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-05-11 Revised:2021-07-13 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-12-06

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摘要： 为探究油莎豆（Cyperus esculentus）在极端干旱风沙环境中适宜种植行距，本研究在塔里木盆地南缘风沙活动强烈地段设置30 cm，60 cm，90 cm，120 cm等4个种植行距，分析了行距对油莎豆生长及土壤特性的影响。结果表明：油莎豆饲草与块茎产量随行距增加均呈先降低后增加的趋势；株密度与饲草、块茎及根系生物量均在30 cm行距下最大，在90 cm行距最低，但在60 cm与120 cm行距之间没有明显差异；在30 cm行距下，块茎和根系的氮、磷、钾吸收量均显著高于其他处理，相应的其在0~20 cm土层的碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量显著下降（P<0.05）；油莎豆种植后显著降低了20~40 cm土层盐分累积（P<0.05），但在0~20 cm土层，90 cm和120 cm行距处理的盐分累积却显著增加（P<0.05），且达到轻度盐渍化水平。综合来看，种植行距为30 cm时，油莎豆的生长表现及土壤盐分环境均优于其他处理，可作为该区域的推荐种植行距。

关键词: 油莎豆, 行距, 产量, 土壤质量, 干旱区

Abstract: This study explored the effects of row spacing (30 cm,60 cm,90 cm,120 cm) on the growth of Cyperus esculentus (C. esculentus) and soil quality in an extremely arid area in the Southern Tarim basin in Xinjiang. We discussed the optimal row spacing for C. esculentus. The results showed that the forage and tuber yields decreased firstly and then increased with the row space increasing. The highest values of plant height,forage yield,tuber yield,and root biomass were observed at 30 cm row space,the lowest data were observed at 90 cm row space,and there were no obvious differences between 60 cm and 120 cm row spaces. At 30 cm row space,the amounts of N,P,and K uptake were significantly higher than other treatments,but the soil N,P,and K availability in 0~20 cm were lower than other treatments. The plantation of C. esculentus decreased soil salinity in 20~40 cm. In 0~20 cm,the soil salinity at 90 cm and 120 cm row spaces increased to mild salinization,whereas there was no significant change at 30 cm and 60 cm row spaces. Our results indicated that 30 cm row space could improve the forage and tuber yield of C. esculentus as well as the soil salinity,and is therefore recommended to be used for C. esculentus planting in the study area.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus, Row spacing, Yield, Soil quality, Arid area

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