草地学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 3733-3742.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.12.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

基于表型性状的花苜蓿遗传多样性分析

杜柯, 黄伟业, 侯瑞虹, 高佳荷, 唐芳   

  1. 内蒙古农业大学草业学院, 草地资源教育部重点实验室, 农业部饲草栽培、加工与高效利用重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-14 修回日期:2024-07-02 发布日期:2024-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 唐芳,E-mail:fta223@imau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:杜柯(1999-),女,汉族,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草种质资源与育种研究,E-mail:18247839261@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区种业科技创新重大示范工程“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022 JBGS0040);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0031);内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目(NDGCC2016-18)资助

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Medicago ruthenica L. Based on Phenotypic Traits

DU Ke, HUANG Wei-ye, HOU Rui-hong, GAO Jia-he, TANG Fang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
  • Received:2024-05-14 Revised:2024-07-02 Published:2024-12-14

摘要: 为探究花苜蓿(Medicago ruthenica L.)种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性,本研究对采集自不同种源地的113份花苜蓿种质的19个表型性状进行相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析,为花苜蓿遗传育种提供理论依据。结果表明,花苜蓿种质数量性状和质量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围分别为1.77~2.09,0.05~1.43。19个表型性状间存在复杂的相关性,呈极显著相关(P<0.01)和显著相关(P<0.05)性状分别有48和18对。19个表型性状用主成分分析提取7个综合因子,累积贡献率为72.73%,通过计算综合得分,并以综合得分为因变量,19个性状为自变量,利用逐步回归分析筛选到评价花苜蓿种质的11个关键指标。113份花苜蓿可聚为3类,类群I代表种子粒大饱满、产量较高的种质;类群II代表株丛面积大、种子产量中等的种质;类群III代表叶量丰富、种子产量较差的种质。

关键词: 花苜蓿, 表型性状, 遗传多样性, 种质资源

Abstract: In order to explore the genetic diversity of phenotypic traits of Medicago ruthenica L. germplasm resources, this study conducted correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and cluster analysis on 19 phenotypic traits of 113 M. ruthenica germplasm from different provenances. It will provide theoretical basis for genetic breeding of M. ruthenica. The results showed that the genetic diversity index of quantitative and quality traits ranged from 1.77 to 2.09 and from 0.05 to 1.43, respectively, in these 113 germplasm resources accessions of M. ruthenica. There were complex correlations among 19 phenotypic traits, with 48 and 18 pairs of traits showing extremely significant correlation (P<0.01) and significant correlation (P<0.05), respectively. Principal component analysis converted the 19 phenotypic traits into 7 composite factors with a cumulative contribution of 72.73%. By calculating the comprehensive score and using it as the dependent variable and 19 phenotypic traits as the independent variable, stepwise regression analysis was used to screen 9 key indicators for evaluating M. ruthenica germplasm. In addition, 113 M. ruthenica varieties were grouped into 3 categories. Group I represented germplasm with large seeds and high seed yield;Group II represented germplasm with large cluster area and moderate seed yield;and Group III represented germplasm with abundant leaves and poor seed yield.

Key words: Medicago ruthenica L., Phenotypic traits, Genetic diversity, Germplasm resources

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