草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 3845-3854.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.12.020

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

30份苜蓿种质资源农艺与品质性状分析

马彪1, 南丽丽1, 王学敏2, 汪堃1, 夏静1, 姚宇恒1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-28 修回日期:2024-04-23 发布日期:2024-12-14
  • 通讯作者: 南丽丽,E-mail:nanll@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:马彪(1997-),男,汉族,甘肃定西人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草栽培与育种研究,E-mail:14793309516@163.com;
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32160327)；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34)资助

Analyses of Agronomic and Quality Traits of 30 Alfalfa Germplasm Resources

MA Biao1, NAN Li-li1, WANG Xue-min2, WANG Kun1, XIA Jing1, YAO Yu-heng1   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-03-28 Revised:2024-04-23 Published:2024-12-14

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摘要： 本试验以30份国内外苜蓿(Medicago sativa)种质资源为研究对象，从农艺性状和品质性状角度分析供试苜蓿种质的遗传多样性，为苜蓿合理选配亲本和品种改良提供科学依据。结果表明：2022和2023年供试苜蓿种质的株高、单株干重、单株茎干重、单株叶干重及茎叶比分别在54.69 cm～94.50 cm,21.02 g～43.55 g,11.04 g～26.07 g,7.61 g～18.65 g,1.01～1.92范围内变动，粗灰分、干物质、粗脂肪、粗蛋白、钙、磷、中性和酸性洗涤纤维、相对饲喂价值、可消化干物质、干物质采食率分别在6.52%～11.63%,93.21%～95.89%,2.09%～3.63%,15.88%～25.10%,1.54%～2.88%,0.19%～0.29%,34.27%～47.60%,26.30%～42.23%,109.44%～180.79%,55.60%～68.41%,1.92%～2.73%范围内变动。相关性分析表明，单株叶干重与相对饲喂价值呈极显著正相关关系(P＜0.01)。用两年各指标均值进行灰色关联度综合评价及聚类分析，30份种质材料分为4类，其中材料Zxy2010p-15485，Zxy2015p-13722，Zxy2010p-7667和Zxy2010p-7576综合表现较高，可作为苜蓿新品种选育和改良的优异亲本材料。

关键词: 苜蓿, 农艺性状, 营养品质, 相关性分析, 灰色关联度分析

Abstract: In this study we took 30 domestic and foreign alfalfa (Medicago sativa) germplasm resources as research object, analyzed the genetic diversity of the tested alfalfa germplasm from the perspectives of agronomic and quality traits, and provided scientific basis for rational selection of parents and variety improvement of alfalfa. The results showed that the plant height, dry weight per plant, stem dry weight per plant, leaf dry weight per plant, and stem leaf ratio of tested alfalfa ranged from 54.69 cm to 94.50 cm, 21.02 g to 43.55 g, 11.04 g to 26.07 g, 7.61 g to 18.65 g, and 1.01 to 1.92 in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The crude ash, dry matter ether extract, crude protein, calcium, phosphorus, medium acidic detergent fiber, relative feeding value, digestible dry matter, and dry matter intake ranged from 6.52% to 11.63%, 93.89% to 95.89%, 2.09% to 3.63%, 15.88% to 25.10%, 1.55% to 2.88%, 0.19% to 0.29%, 34.27% to 47.60%, 26.30% to 42.23%, 109.44% to 180.79%, 55.60% to 68.41%, and 1.92% to 2.73%, in 2022 and 2023, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that there was a highly significant positive correlation between the dry weight of individual leaves and the relative feeding value (P<0.01). The grey relational analysis and cluster analysis were carried out by using the average value of each index in two years. Overall, Zxy2010p-15485, Zxy2015p-13722, Zxy2010p-7667, and Zxy2010p-7576 performed well based on their comprehensive scores, which can be used as excellent parent materials for breeding and improvement of new alfalfa varieties.

Key words: Alfalfa, Production performance, Nutritional quality, Correlation analysis, Grey correlation analysis

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