草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 3633-3642.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.11.015

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

猫尾草种质资源农艺与品质性状综合评价

傅俊士1,2, 南丽丽1,2, 张泽龙1,2, 吴世文1,2, 任孟雨1,2, 陈娜1,2, 焦龙光1,2   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 农业农村部饲草种质创新与新品种选育重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-03-11 发布日期:2025-11-13
  • 通讯作者: 南丽丽,E-mail:nanll@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:傅俊士（1999-），男，汉族，甘肃古浪人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草栽培研究，E-mail：2533132674@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省重大专项（25ZDNA005）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-34）资助

Comprehensive Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits of Timothy Germplasm Resources

FU Jun-shi1,2, NAN Li-li1,2, ZHANG Ze-long1,2, WU Shi-wen1,2, REN Meng-yu1,2, CHEN Na1,2, JIAO Long-guang1,2   

  1. 1. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Educations, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Forage Germplasm Innovation and New Variety Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-03-11 Published:2025-11-13

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摘要： 本研究以21份国内外猫尾草（Phleum pratense）种质为研究对象，从农艺和品质性状角度分析其遗传多样性，为猫尾草合理选配亲本和新品种选育提供科学依据。结果表明，2023、2024年供试猫尾草种质的株高、单株干重、单株叶干重、单株茎干重、茎叶比分别在40.2~87.5 cm，1.83~7.69 g，1.02~4.61 g，0.81~3.40 g，0.62~0.90范围内变动，干物质、粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中酸性洗涤纤维、相对饲喂价值、可消化干物质、干物质采食率分别在94.25%~96.94%，6.62%~10.80%，5.77%~9.86%，0.96%~3.30%，40.71%~54.04%，21.61%~37.16%，102.31%~164.32%，59.95%~72.05%，2.17%~2.87%范围内变动。利用两年各指标均值进行主成分分析，4个综合因子累积贡献率达90.360%；聚类分析发现，21份种质可分为4类，其中材料9451和10676同属第1类群，综合评分最高，可作为猫尾草新品种选育和改良的优异亲本材料；逐步回归分析筛选出相对饲喂价值、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分、单株茎干重和株高等6项指标，可作为评价优质猫尾草种质的首选指标。

关键词: 猫尾草, 农艺性状, 营养品质, 综合评价

Abstract: Using 21 timothy （Phleum pratense） germplasm accessions from domestic and foreign as the research objects， the genetic diversity of the tested timothy grass was analyzed from the perspective of agronomic and quality traits， which could provide scientific basis for the rational selection of parents and breeding of new varieties of timothy. The results from 2023 and 2024 showedthat the tested timothy’s plant height， dry weight per plant， leaf dry weight per plant， stem dry weight per plant， and stem leaf ratio varied within the ranges of 40.2-87.5 cm， 1.83-7.69 g， 1.02-4.61 g， 0.81-3.40 g， and 0.62-0.90， respectively； while the dry matter， crude ash， crude protein， crude fat， neutral and acid detergent fiber， relative feed value， digestible dry matter， and dry matter intake varied within the ranges of 94.25%-96.94%，6.62%-10.80%，5.77%-9.86%，0.96%-3.30%，40.71%-54.04%，21.61%-37.16%，102.31%-164.32%，59.95%-72.05%，2.17%-2.87%， respectively. Principal component analysis based on the average values of traits across two years identified four comprehensive factors explaining a cumulative 90.360% of the total variation. Combined with cluster analysis， 21 germplasm materials can be divided into 4 categories. Among them， materials of 9451 and 10676 belonged to the first group， with the highest comprehensive score， which can be used as excellent parental materials for breeding and improvement of new varieties of timothy. Stepwise regression analysis screened out six indicators， including relative feed value， crude protein， crude fat， crude ash， stem weight per plant， and plant height， which can be used as the preferred indicators for evaluating the germplasm of high-quality timothy.

Key words: Timothy, Agronomic traits, Nutritional quality, Comprehensive evaluation

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