草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 3874-3884.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.12.002

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

积雪减少和氮添加对华北退化沙荒地土壤细菌群落结构多样性及网络拓扑结构的影响

徐恒康1, 付尧1,2, 陈超1, 庞卓1, 张国芳1, 张微微1, 逯辉3, 孙鑫博2, 阚海明1   

  1. 1. 北京市农林科学院草业花卉与景观生态研究所, 北京 100097;
    2. 河北农业大学农学院, 河北 保定 071000;
    3. 新疆农业大学草业学院, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-05-14 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 徐恒康,E-mail:xuhengk@163.com;阚海明,E-mail:kanhaiming@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:徐恒康(1995-),男,回族,河南南阳人,博士,主要从事草地生态与管理研究,E-mail:xuhengk@163.com;付尧(2000-),女,汉族,河北邯郸人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态与牧草混播研究,E-mail:504603834@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ202333);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20230406;KJCX20230305;KJCX20230220;KJCX20240319)资助

Effects of Snow Cover Reduction and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Bacterial Communities in Degraded Sandy Wasteland in North China

XU Heng-kang1, FU Yao1,2, CHEN Chao1, PANG Zhuo1, ZHANG Guo-fang1, ZHANG Wei-wei1, LU Hui3, SUN Xin-bo2, KAN Hai-ming1   

  1. 1. Institute of Grassland, Flower and Landscape Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;
    2. College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province 071000, China;
    3. College of Grassland, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052, China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-05-14 Published:2025-12-01

摘要: 全球气候变化导致积雪减少与氮沉降加剧,共同威胁北方生态系统。本研究以华北退化沙荒地为对象,通过积雪覆盖/除雪和施氮(50 kg·ha-1)/不施氮双因子野外控制试验(4处理×4重复),探究短期(1年)复合处理对土壤细菌群落结构、多样性及网络稳定性的影响。结果表明:施氮处理(CKN1)显著提高土壤硝态氮(P<0.05)和微生物生物量碳(MBC)含量(P<0.05),细菌群落Sobs指数显著增加13%;除雪处理(S0N0)显著降低MBC含量(P<0.01)。冗余分析(RDA)揭示硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH??-N)和速效钾(AK)是驱动群落结构变化的关键因子,其中Methylomirabilota和NB1-j相对丰度与NO3--N显著正相关(P<0.01)。分子生态网络分析表明,施氮与除雪处理均提升了网络复杂性。综上,积雪减少与氮沉降通过调控关键环境因子协同影响土壤微生物群落结构与网络稳定性,本研究为沙荒地生态修复提供了科学依据。

关键词: 降雪变化, 微生物多样性, 土壤理化性质, 土壤细菌群落结构, 分子生态网络

Abstract: Global climate change had reduced snowpack and increased nitrogen (N) deposition, jointly threatening northern ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the short-term (1-year) effects of snow cover/ removal and N addition (50 kg·ha-1)/ no addition (two-factor field experiment, 4 treatments × 4 replicates) on soil bacterial community structure, diversity, and network stability in a degraded sandy wasteland in North China. The results showed that N addition (CKN1) significantly increased soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) (P<0.05), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (P<0.05), and notably elevated the Sobs index of the bacterial community (P<0.01). Conversely, snow removal (S0N0) significantly decreased MBC (P<0.01). Redundancy analysis (RDA) identified NO3--N, ammonium nitrogen (NH??-N), and available potassium (AK) as key drivers of community structural changes, with Methylomirabilota and NB1-j relative abundance showing significant positive correlations with NO3--N (P<0.01). Molecular ecological network analysis revealed that both N addition and snow removal enhanced network complexity. Therefore, snow reduction and N deposition synergistically affect soil microbial community structure and network stability by regulating key environmental factors, providing a scientific basis for ecological restoration of sandy wastelands.

Key words: Changes in snowfall, Microbial diversity, Soil physical and chemical properties, Soil bacterial community structure, Molecular ecological network

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