草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 1335-1342.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.04.035

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

甲酸与贮藏时间对柱花草青贮饲料化学成分及生物胺含量的影响

柴欢1, 毛开1, 许艺1, 黄乃馨1, 王坚1, 黄帅1, 玉柱2, 王目森1   

  1. 1. 海南大学热带农林学院, 海南 海口 570228;
    2. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-05 修回日期:2024-07-02 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 王目森,E-mail:wangms@hainanu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:柴欢(1999-),女,汉族,河南郑州人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草加工与利用研究,E-mail: chaihuan@hainanu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    海南省自然科学基金项目(322QN240);海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQDZR22014);海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQDZR22013);国家重点研发基金项目(2022YFE0111000);国家重点研发基金项目(2022YFD1602300)资助

Effect of Formic Acid and Storage Time on Chemical Composition and Biogenic Amines Contents of Stylo Silage

CHAI Huan1, MAO Kai1, XU Yi1, HUANG Nai-xin1, WANG Jian1, HUANG Shuai1, YU Zhu2, WANG Mu-sen1   

  1. 1. School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, China;
    2. College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultral Univerity, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-06-05 Revised:2024-07-02 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-28

摘要: 为评价甲酸与贮藏时间对柱花草(Stylosanthes guicmensis)青贮饲料化学成分及生物胺含量的影响,本试验设置对照组和甲酸(4 mL·kg-1)处理组,每组分别青贮1个月和12个月,然后测定化学成分和生物胺含量,并分析两者之间的相关性。结果表明,甲酸处理显著降低了青贮饲料pH值和氨态氮含量(P<0.05),显著提高了干物质和可溶性糖含量(P<0.05)。贮藏1个月时,对照组青贮饲料中主要生物胺是尸胺(384.01 mg·kg-1 DM)、腐胺(320.73 mg·kg-1 DM)及酪胺(127.34 mg·kg-1 DM);随着贮藏时间的延长,尸胺、酪胺及总生物胺含量显著增加(P<0.05)。甲酸处理显著降低了尸胺、腐胺、酪胺及总生物胺含量(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果表明,腐胺、尸胺、酪胺及总生物胺含量与pH值、游离氨基酸氮及氨态氮含量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。因此,建议在柱花草青贮时添加甲酸,以提高青贮饲料的品质和卫生安全性。

关键词: 柱花草, 甲酸, 生物胺, 青贮

Abstract: To evaluate the effect of formic acid and storage time on chemical composition and biogenic amines contents of stylo (Stylosanthes guicmensis) silage, the control and formic acid groups (4 mL·kg-1) were prepared and stored for 1 and 12 months in the experiment, respectively. After silo opening, chemical composition and biogenic amines contents were determined and the correlation between the measured parameters was further analyzed. The results showed that the application of formic acid significantly decreased pH and ammonia nitrogen value (P<0.05) and significantly increased dry matter and water soluble carbohydrates contents (P<0.05). The main biogenic amines were cadaverine (384.01 mg·kg-1 DM), putrescine (320.73 mg·kg-1 DM), and tyramine (127.34 mg·kg-1 DM) in control silage stored for 1 month; With longer storage time, cadaverine, tyramine and total biogenic amine contents remarkably increased (P<0.05). Applying formic acid lowered cadaverine, putrescine, tyramine and total biogenic amine contents (P<0.05). The correlation analysis indicated that cadaverine, putrescine, tyramine and total biogenic amine were positively related to pH, free amino acids nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen (P<0.05). Therefore, formic acid should be added to improve silage quality and hygienic quality at stylo ensiling.

Key words: Stylo, Formic acid, Biogenic amine, Silage

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