草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1669-1676.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.05.032

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

贮藏温度和芽孢杆菌添加对高丹草青贮发酵品质和硝酸盐含量的影响

宋佳1, 卫陆恒1, 胡逸飞1, 王奕博1, 王冬2, 孙娟娟3, 薛艳林4, 白春生1, 玉柱5   

  1. 1. 沈阳农业大学园艺学院, 辽宁 沈阳 110161;
    2. 辽宁省农业信贷融资担保有限责任公司, 辽宁 沈阳 110000;
    3. 中国农业科学院草原研究所, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010;
    4. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010031;
    5. 中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-26 修回日期:2024-09-10 发布日期:2025-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 白春生,E-mail:bcs9@163.com
  • 作者简介:宋佳(2001-),女,汉族,辽宁盘锦人,硕士研究生,主要从事饲草加工研究,Email:15042303167@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31872422);辽宁省教育厅项目(LJKMZ20221021);辽宁省科技计划联合基金项目(MLSH-090)资助

Effect of Storage Temperature and Bacillus Addition on Fermentation Quality and Nitrate Content of Sorghum-sudangrass Silage

SONG Jia1, WEI Lu-heng1, HU Yi-fei1, WANG Yi-bo1, WANG Dong2, SUN Juan-juan3, XUE Yan-lin4, BAI Chun-sheng1, YU Zhu5   

  1. 1. College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110161, China;
    2. Liaoning Agricultural Credit Financing Guarantee Company Limited, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110000, China;
    3. Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China;
    4. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010031, China;
    5. College of Pratacultural Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-07-26 Revised:2024-09-10 Published:2025-05-20

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨贮藏温度及芽孢杆菌添加剂对高丹草(Sorghum bicolor×sudanense)青贮饲料发酵品质、营养价值及硝酸盐含量的影响。试验包括两种贮藏温度(15℃和25℃),和四种添加剂(对照组、凝结芽孢杆菌、地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌),芽孢杆菌添加量均为1.0×105 cfu·g-1FM。结果表明:与25℃相比,在贮藏温度为15℃时,显著降低了高丹草青贮饲料中性洗涤纤维、乳酸和乙酸的含量,显著提高了pH和可溶性碳水化合物(P<0.05)。在贮藏温度15℃时,与对照组相比3种芽孢杆菌处理的硝酸盐含量显著降低(P<0.05);添加枯草芽孢杆菌显著增加了乳酸的含量,降低了青贮饲料的pH和可溶性碳水化合物的含量(P<0.05);接种地衣芽孢杆菌显著降低了亚硝酸盐和可溶性碳水化合物的含量(P<0.05)。综上,与15℃相比,25℃贮藏条件显著提升高丹草青贮发酵品质,枯草芽孢杆菌对15℃贮藏温度下高丹草青贮发酵品质有明显改善作用,且可促进硝酸盐的降解。

关键词: 高丹草, 青贮, 芽孢杆菌, 温度, 硝酸盐, 发酵品质

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of storage temperature and Bacillus additives on the fermentation quality, nutritive value and nitrate contents of sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor×sudanense) silage, and to provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of the fermentation characteristics and nutritional value of sorghum-sudangrass silage at low-temperature. The experiment included two storage temperatures (15℃ and 25℃) and four types of additives (control group, Bacillus coagulansB. licheniformis, and B. subtilis at 1.0×105 cfu·g-1 FM).The results showed that compared with 25℃, the contents of neutral detergent fiber, lactic acid and acetic acid were significantly decreased, and the pH and water-soluble carbohydrate were significantly increased at 15℃ storage temperature (P<0.05).When the storage temperature was 15℃, the nitrate content of the three Bacillus treatments was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). The addition of B. subtilis significantly increased the content of lactic acid and decreased the pH and soluble carbohydrate content of silage (P<0.05); inoculation with B. licheniformis significantly decreased the content of nitrite and soluble carbohydrate (P<0.05). In conclusion, compared with 15℃, 25℃ storage conditions significantly improved the fermentation quality of sorghum-sudangrass silage, and B. subtilis significantly improved the fermentation quality of silage at 15℃ storage temperature and promoted the degradation of nitrate.

Key words: Sorghum-sudangrass, Silage, Bacillus, Temperature, Nitrate, Fermentation quality

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