不同施肥模式对甘南亚高山草甸植被群落和土壤的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.014

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 2184-2197.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.07.014

不同施肥模式对甘南亚高山草甸植被群落和土壤的影响

代蓉, 刘苏兴, 王正文, 周夏艳, 白亚军, 曹文侠

甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2024-09-11 修回日期:2024-11-05 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-07-18
通讯作者: 曹文侠,E-mail:caowx@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:代蓉（2002-），女，汉族，甘肃张掖人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态的研究，E-mail：gszydair@163.com
基金资助:
国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-34）资助

Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on Vegetation and Soil of Alpine Meadow in Gannan Prefecture

DAI Rong, LIU Su-xing, WANG Zheng-wen, ZHOU Xia-yan, BAI Ya-jun, CAO Wen-xia

College of Prataculture, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Prataculture Ecosystem of Ministry of Education/China-US Research Center for Sustainable Development of Grassland Animal Husbandry, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China

Received:2024-09-11 Revised:2024-11-05 Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-07-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究有机肥与无机肥配合施用对青藏高原山地草甸生产力、植被群落和土壤的影响，本研究选取甘南州亚高山草甸为研究对象，采用随机区组设计，设置19个处理｛6个施肥梯度（F₁至F₆）×3种配施模式[单施有机肥（On）、80%有机肥+20%无机肥（OnCL）、60%有机肥+40%无机肥（OnCH））+不施肥处理（CK）]｝，系统评价了不同施肥梯度及配施模式对亚高山草甸植被生产力、群落结构和土壤肥力的影响。结果表明：施肥显著提高地上生物量（P<0.05），提升了84%~292%，但对群落多样性无影响；显著提高了土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有机质含量及土壤脲酶活性（P<0.05），分别提升了3%~16%，4%~54%，13%~23%，7%~28%。碱性磷酸酶活性随施肥量增多呈先升后降趋势。主成分分析表明，F₄中OnCL（N 135 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅67.5 kg·hm^-2；80%有机肥+20%无机肥）为最优处理。本研究结果为退化亚高山草甸的地力提升恢复提供参考。

关键词: 亚高山草甸, 有机肥无机肥配施, 植被群落特征, 土壤酶活性, 土壤肥力

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the productivity， vegetation community and soil of the mountain meadow on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau， this study selected the subalpine meadow in Gannan Prefecture as the research object and adopted a random block design. A total of 19 treatments ｛6 fertilization gradients （F₁-F₆）×3 combined application modes [single organic fertilizer （On）， 80% organic fertilizer +20% inorganic fertilizer （OnCL）， 60% organic fertilizer +40% inorganic fertilizer （OnCH）+no fertilization treatment （CK）]｝ were set up to systematically evaluate the effects of different fertilization gradients and combined application modes on vegetation productivity， population structure and soil fertility. The results showed that fertilization significantly increased above-ground biomass （P<0.05） by 84% to 292%， but had no significant effect on community diversity. The contents of soil alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen， available phosphorus， organic matter and soil urease activity were significantly increased by 3%-16%， 4%-54%， 13%-23% and 7%-28%， respectively （P<0.05）. The activity of alkaline phosphatase increased first and then decreased with the increase of fertilizer application. Principal component analysis showed that OnCL in F₄ （N 135 kg·hm^-2， P₂O₅ 67.5 kg·hm^-2， 80% organic fertilizer +20% fertilizer） was the optimal treatment， which provided reference for the soil fertility improvement and restoration of degraded subalpine meadows.

Key words: Subalpine meadow, Combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, Vegetation community characteristics, Soil enzyme activity, Soil fertility

中图分类号:

S812

代蓉, 刘苏兴, 王正文, 周夏艳, 白亚军, 曹文侠. 不同施肥模式对甘南亚高山草甸植被群落和土壤的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2025, 33(7): 2184-2197.

DAI Rong, LIU Su-xing, WANG Zheng-wen, ZHOU Xia-yan, BAI Ya-jun, CAO Wen-xia. Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on Vegetation and Soil of Alpine Meadow in Gannan Prefecture[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(7): 2184-2197.

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不同施肥模式对甘南亚高山草甸植被群落和土壤的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Modes on Vegetation and Soil of Alpine Meadow in Gannan Prefecture

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