草地学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (4): 865-870.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.04.029

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

密度对不同类型青贮玉米饲用产量及营养价值的影响

路海东, 薛吉全, 郝引川, 张兴华, 张仁和, 高杰   

  1. 西北农林科技大学农学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-05 修回日期:2013-12-30 出版日期:2014-08-15 发布日期:2014-08-04
  • 作者简介:路海东(1975-),男,博士,陕西杨凌人,主要从事玉米栽培技术及生理生态研究,E-mail:lhd2042@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    陕西省科技攻关项目(2013K01-11);西北农林科技大学基本科研业务专项(Z109011111);博士科研启动基金项目(Z10902118);唐仲英基金项目资助

Effects of Planting Densities on the Yields and Forage Nutritive Values of Different Corn (Zea mays L.) Varieties

LU Hai-dong, XUE Ji-quan, HAO Yin-chuan, ZHANG Xing-hua, ZHANG Ren-he, GAO Jie   

  1. College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
  • Received:2013-11-05 Revised:2013-12-30 Online:2014-08-15 Published:2014-08-04

摘要:

为明确不同类型青贮玉米(Zea maysL)生产的最佳群体,设置5个种植密度(4.8×104,5.85×104,6.9×104,7.95×104,9.0×104株·hm-2),研究其对青贮型玉米科多8号和粮饲兼用型玉米陕单8806饲用产量和营养品质的影响。结果表明:青贮玉米的群体干物质产量、籽粒产量和最佳饲用营养产量的最佳适宜密度不同。籽粒产量的最佳适宜密度较低,群体干物质产量的最佳适宜密度较高,而饲用营养产量的最佳适宜密度则介于二者之间。密度对不同类型青贮玉米的营养含量影响显著,植株粗蛋白(CP)、无氮浸出物(NFE)、粗灰分(CA)的含量随密度增加呈下降趋势,粗脂肪(EE)和粗纤维(CF)的含量随密度增加呈增加趋势。而密度对玉米CP,EE,NFE,CA,CF和GE等产量的影响主要通过其籽粒和秸秆干物质产量的显著差异形成。从不同品种来看,青贮型玉米籽粒中的CP和EE产量显著低于粮饲兼用型玉米,而秸秆的CP和EE产量明显高于粮饲兼用型玉米。从玉米整体饲用营养产量来看,在陕西,青贮型玉米科多8号饲用最佳适宜密度为8.86×104株·hm-2,粮饲兼用型玉米品种陕单8806饲用最佳适宜密度为7.77×104株·hm-2

关键词: 玉米, 密度, 青贮型, 粮饲兼用型, 产量, 营养品质

Abstract:

The forage yields and nutritional quality of silage maize KD 8 and grain-forage maize Shaandan 8806 under planting densities of 4.8×104, 5.85×104, 6.9×104, 7.95×104 and 9.0×104 plants ·hm-2 were studied. The results showed that the dry matter, grain and forage nutritive yields of silage corn differed from different planting densities. Planting density had significant effects on the nutrient contents of different silage corn types. The crude protein (CP), nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and crude ash (CA) contents of plant decreased with planting density increasing. The ether extract (EE) and crude fiber (CF) contents of plant increased with the density increasing. The CP and EE yields in the seeds of silage maize were significantly lower than that in the seeds of grain-forage maize, whereas the CP and EE yields in the straw of silage maize were significantly higher than that in the straw of grain-forage maize. From the point of view of overall forage nutritive yields, the best planting density of silage corn KD 8 is 8.86×104 plants ·hm-2, and the best planting density of grain-forage maize SD 8806 is 7.77×104 plants ·hm-2.

Key words: Maize, Density, Silage, Grain-forage, Yield, Nutritional quality

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