草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (3): 530-536.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.03.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

河北坝上农牧交错带草地不同方式持续利用对土壤颗粒空间分布的影响

白雅芳1, 商建英2, 唐士明1, 王立萍1, 张玉娟1, 王堃1,3, 刘克思1,3   

  1. 1. 中国农业大学动物科技学院 草业科学系, 北京 100193;
    2. 中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京100193;
    3. 河北沽源草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 河北 沽源 076550
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-20 修回日期:2016-03-23 出版日期:2016-06-15 发布日期:2016-09-18
  • 通讯作者: 刘克思
  • 作者简介:白雅芳(1988-),女,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士研究生,主要从事退化草地生态恢复研究,E-mail:yfbai1224@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2012RC025；2014JD024）；国家科技支撑计划（2012BAD45B03；2012BAD13B07）资助

The Effect of Different Uses of Grassland on Spatial Distribution of Soil Particle Size in Hebei Ectone

BAI Ya-fang1, SHANG Jian-ying2, TANG Shi-ming1, WANG Li-ping1, ZHANG Yu-juan1, WANG Kun1,3, LIU ke-si1,3   

  1. 1. Grassland Science Department, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    2. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    3. National Field Station of Grassland Ecosystem in Guyuan, Guyuan, Hebei Province 076550, China
  • Received:2015-04-20 Revised:2016-03-23 Online:2016-06-15 Published:2016-09-18

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摘要：

为探究河北坝上农牧交错带典型草原不同方式持续利用对土壤颗粒空间分布状况的影响，本研究通过对河北坝上封育10年，中度放牧，重度放牧草地以及不同开垦年限的垦殖草地（持续利用5年，10年，15年）土壤进行分层（0～10 cm，10～20 cm，20～40 cm，40～60 cm）研究其土壤颗粒分布及变化。结果表明：随放牧强度的增加，土壤中2000～250 μm，250～150 μm，150～53 μm颗粒含量均显著减少，而53～20 μm，20～2 μm，<2 μm颗粒含量均显著增加，即增加了重度放牧草地土壤风蚀退化的潜在危险性；对于垦殖草地，随着持续利用年限的增加，土壤中2000～250 μm，250～150 μm，150～53 μm颗粒含量均显著增加，而53～20 μm，20～2 μm，<2 μm颗粒含量均显著减少，这表明随着垦殖年限的增加，土壤逐渐趋向沙化。因此，为保证草地的可持续性，放牧草地需要避免重度放牧而垦殖草地需要改变现有的耕作方式。

关键词: 放牧草地, 放牧强度, 垦殖草地, 垦殖年限, 土壤粒径

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of different uses of grassland on spatial distribution of soil particle size at the agro-pastoral ectone of Bashang region, Hebei Province, three different grazing grassland (enclosed 10-year grassland, moderate grazing grassland, and heavy grazing grassland) and three different reclamation ages of converted grassland (5year, 10years and 15years) were selected to study the dynamics of soil particle size distribution in different soil layers (0~10 cm,10~20 cm,20~40 cm,40~60 cm). The results showed:the contents of 2000~250 μm, 250~150 μm and 150~53 μm soil particle significantly decreased with increasing grazing intensities, however, the contents of 53~20 μm, 20~2 μm, and <2 μm soil particle significantly increased. This change increases the potential risk of soil erosion under heavy grazing intensity; As for reclamation grassland, the content of 2000~250 μm, 250~150 μm, and 150~53 μm soil particle significantly increased as the reclamation ages increased, but the content of 53~20 μm, 20~2 μm, and <2 μm soil particle significantly decreased. It indicates that reclamation grassland is gradual desertification with increasing cultivated years. Therefore, to keep the sustainability of different uses of grassland,grazing grassland need to avoid heavy grazing and reclamation grassland need to change current cultivated method.

Key words: Grazing grassland, Grazing intensity, Reclamation grassland, Reclamation age, Soil particle size

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