草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 221-229.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.01.026

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥配比对蒙古黄芪产量及品质的影响

李文倩1, 张莹1, 王梦茹1, 曹健1, 陈家炜1, 柴智2, 侯美利3, 梁建萍1   

  1. 1. 山西农业大学生命科学学院, 山西 太谷 030801;
    2. 山西中医药大学, 山西 晋中 030619;
    3. 浑源县中药材产业发展管理中心, 山西 大同 037400
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-09 修回日期:2019-11-04 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 梁建萍
  • 作者简介:李文倩(1993-),女,山西汾阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事药用植物栽培生理及开发利用研究,E-mail:867553914@qq.com
  • 基金资助:

    "国家重点研发计划"中医药现代化研究"重点专项项目（2019YFC1710800）；山西省黄芪资源产业化及产业国际化协同创新中心项目（HQXTCXZX2016-004）；山西省重点研发计划（社发领域）项目（201903D321204）；山西省农业科技成果转化和推广示范项目（SXNKTG201810）资助

Effects of Different Fertilization Ratio on Yield and Quality of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus

LI Wen-qian1, ZHANG Ying1, WANG Meng-ru1, CAO Jian1, CHEN Jia-wei1, CHAI Zhi2, HOU Mei-li3, LIANG Jian-ping1   

  1. 1. College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, China;
    2. Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province 030619, China;
    3. Hunyuan Chinese medicinal materials industry development and management center, Datong, Shanxi Province 037400, China
  • Received:2019-09-09 Revised:2019-11-04 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-01-18

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摘要：

为研究不同肥料配施对土壤营养状况及黄芪生长和药效成分积累的影响，本研究以1年生蒙古黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus（Fisch.）Bge.var.mongholicus（Bge.）Hsiao）为试材，采用正交设计L9（34），研究因素A（硝普钠sodium nitroprusside，SNP）、B（黄芪茎叶绿肥）、C（黄芪固氮菌T16）、D（黄芪固氮菌T21）配施后对土壤有机质及氮磷钾含量、黄芪生物量、有效成分含量及产量的影响。结果表明：与对照相比，4种因素配合施用，均对蒙古黄芪的生长及产量品质起到了积极作用，尤其处理4（A2B1C2D3）提高了土壤有机质、有效氮、有效钾、全氮、全磷含量，增加了黄芪生物量，提高了叶片3种抗氧化物酶的活性，降低了丙二醛含量，且黄芪总多糖、总皂苷、总黄酮含量及其总产量分别比对照提高了91.89%，161.54%，155.56%，118.64%。综上分析可知处理4即SNP15 mmol·L-1、绿肥含量1.2 kg·（15m2）-1，T16106·mL-1，T21109·mL-1为肥料最佳配施方案。本研究可为黄芪专用肥的研制提供理论参考。

关键词: 蒙古黄芪, 肥料配比, 次生代谢, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

To study the effects of different fertilizer composition on soil nutrient status,growth and accumulation of active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao,one-year-old A. mongolicus was used as test material and orthogonal design L9(34) was used to study the effects of factors A (sodium nitroprusside,SNP),B (green manure of A. mongolicus stems and leaves),C (nitrogen fixing bacteria T16 of A. mongolicus) and D (nitrogen fixing bacteria T21 of A. mongolicus) on soil organic matter,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content,biomass of A. mongolicus,total flavonoids of active ingredients,total saponins and total polysaccharide content. The results showed that the combined application of the four factors played a positive role in soil nutrient absorption,antioxidant system regulation,yield and quality of A. mongolicus. Compared with the control,treatment 4(A2B1C2D3) increased the contents of soil organic matter,available nitrogen,available potassium,total nitrogen and total phosphorus,increased the biomass of A. mongolicus,increased the activities of three antioxidant enzymes in leaves and reduced the content of malondialdehyde. In addition,the total polysaccharide,total saponin,total flavone and their total output of A. mongolicus after treatment 4 increased by 91.89%,161.54%,155.56% and 118.64% respectively compared with the control. To sum up,treatment 4,namely SNP 15 mmol·L-1,green manure content of 1.2 kg·(15m2)-1,T16106·mL-1,T21109·mL-1 is the best fertilizer application scheme and can provide reference for the development of A. mongolicus special fertilizer.

Key words: Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.var.mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao, Fertilizers proportion, Secondary metabolism, Yield, Quality

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