草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 731-742.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.03.026

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

氮磷肥配施对高寒区垂穗披碱草饲草产量及营养品质的影响

宋建超1, 杨航1, 鱼小军1, 魏孔涛1, 张小娟1, 汪海波2, 贺有龙2   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃省草业工程实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展 研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 青海省果洛州草原工作站, 青海 大武 814000
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-20 修回日期:2022-01-04 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 鱼小军,E-mail:yuxj@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:宋建超(1996-),男,汉族,甘肃张掖人,硕士研究生,主要从事饲草栽培与育种研究,E-mail:1339801334@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省重点研发与转化计划(2019-HZ-815)资助

Effect of Combined Application of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer on the Forage Yield and Nutritional Quality of Elymus nutans in Alpine Region

SONG Jian-chao1, YANG Hang1, YU Xiao-jun1, WEI Kong-tao1, ZHANG Xiao-juan1, WANG Hai-bo2, HE You-long2   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Grassland Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sion-U. S. Center for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Grassland Station of Guoluo Prefecture, Dawu, Qinghai Province 814000, China
  • Received:2021-12-20 Revised:2022-01-04 Published:2022-03-30

摘要: 为探究高寒区垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)饲草产量和营养品质对氮磷肥配施的响应,在果洛高寒区以建植第3年的垂穗披碱草人工草地为研究对象,设置不同氮磷肥配比处理(氮肥3个水平N:75,125,175kg·hm-2,磷肥4个水平P2O5:90,135,180,225kg·hm-2),研究氮磷肥配施对高寒区垂穗披碱草饲草产量和营养品质的影响,旨在确定果洛高寒区刈割型垂穗披碱草人工草地的合理施肥量。结果表明:氮磷肥配施显著提高了垂穗披碱草的干草产量,2茬饲草干草产量与不施肥处理相比平均增幅分别为74.10%和58.56%;氮磷肥配施处理能够改善垂穗披碱草营养品质,2茬饲草粗蛋白含量与不施肥处理相比平均增幅分别为103.99%和49.91%,并且降低了第二茬饲草的中性洗涤纤维(Neutral detergent fiber,NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber,ADF)和粗纤维(Crude fiber,CF)含量。综合分析得出,施175 kg·hm-2 N肥同时配施135kg·hm-2P肥处理下垂穗披碱草生产性能和营养品质最佳,配施180kg·hm-2P肥处理次之。因此,建议在果洛高寒区,每两年施N肥175kg·hm-2配施P肥135~180kg·hm-2进行刈割型垂穗披碱草人工草地的施肥管理。

关键词: 高寒区, 垂穗披碱草, 氮磷配施, 生产性能, 营养品质

Abstract: To explore the response of the forage yield and nutritional quality of Elymus nutans to the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer in alpine region,Elymus nutans grassland of the third year planted were used as experimental materials in the alpine region of Guoluo,and different nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer ratio treatments,i.e. three levels of nitrogen fertilizer,N:75,125,175 kg·hm-2,four levels of phosphorus fertilizer,P2O5:90,135,180,225 kg·hm-2,were set up. The effects of combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on the forage yield and nutritional quality of Elymus nutans in alpine region were studied in order to determine the reasonable fertilization amount of cutting Elymus nutans grassland in the alpine region of Guoluo. The results showed that the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the hay yield of Elymus nutans,and the average increase in hay yield of the two crops was 74.10% and 58.56%,respectively,compared with that without fertilization. The combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer improved the nutritional quality of Elymus nutans,and the average increase in the crude protein content of the first and second crop was 103.99% and 49.91%,respectively,compared with the no fertilization treatment. Moreover,the combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer reduced the contents of NDF,ADF and crude fiber of the second crop of Elymus nutans. Comprehensive analysis showed that the production performance and nutritional quality of Elymus nutans were the best when applying 175 kg·hm-2 N fertilizer combining with 135 kg·hm-2 P fertilizer,followed by combining with 180 kg·hm-2 P fertilizer. Therefore,it is suggested to apply 175 kg·hm-2N fertilizer and 135~180 kg·hm-2P fertilizer every two years for the cutting Elymus nutans grasslands in the alpine region of Guoluo.

Key words: Alpine region, Elymus nutans, Combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer, Production performance, Nutritional quality

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