草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 3185-3193.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.10.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

施肥处理对稀土尾矿王草农艺性状、产量及品质的影响

欧翔1, 雷小文1, 陈荣强1, 邱静芸1, 张强1, 欧阳克蕙2, 刘峥1, 徐树明3, 李建明4   

  1. 1. 赣州市畜牧水产研究所, 江西 赣州 341401;
    2. 江西农业大学动物科学技术学院, 江西 南昌 330045;
    3. 定南县农业农村局, 江西 定南 341900;
    4. 定南县鼎瑞牧业有限公司, 江西 定南 341909
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-03 修回日期:2023-06-14 出版日期:2023-10-15 发布日期:2023-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 雷小文,E-mail:343224896@qq.com
  • 作者简介:欧翔(1993-),男,汉族,江西赣州人,硕士,助理畜牧师,主要从事饲草生产与利用研究,E-mail:ouxiang9393@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    中央引导地方科技发展项目（20221ZDF03017）；江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（JXARS-13-赣中南片）；赣州市重点研发计划（2022B-SF9700）资助

Effects of Fertilization Treatments on Agronomic Traits,Yield and Quality of King Grass in Rare Earth Tailings

OU Xiang1, LEI Xiao-wen1, CHEN Rong-qiang1, QIU Jing-yun1, ZHANG Qiang1, OUYANG Ke-hui2, LIU zheng1, XU Shu-ming3, LI Jian-ming4   

  1. 1. Ganzhou Animal Husbandry and Fisheries Research Institute, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province 341401, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330045, China;
    3. Bureau of Agricultural and Rural Affairs of Dingnan County, Dingnan, Jiangxi Province 341900, China;
    4. Dingnan Dingrui animal husbandry Co., Ltd, Dingnan, Jiangxi Province 341909, China
  • Received:2023-04-03 Revised:2023-06-14 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-11-02

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摘要： 为探究稀土尾矿种植王草的最佳施肥处理，设置CK（化肥）、Z（沼液）、N（腐熟牛粪）、N+Z（腐熟牛粪+沼液）、Q（蚯蚓粪）、Q+Z（蚯蚓粪+沼液）6种施肥处理进行田间等氮量施肥试验，分析连续三年各处理对王草农艺性状、产量及品质的影响，并用模糊数学隶属函数法进行饲用价值综合评价。结果表明：Q+Z处理组株高、分蘖数、茎粗、叶片数、单株重、产量、粗蛋白、粗脂肪均最高并呈逐年上升趋势，第三年分别较CK组提升了97.52%，545.81%，43.79%，654.95%，421.13%，741.00%，226.28%，39.51%，粗纤维、粗灰分含量最低，第三年较CK组降低了23.32%，54.81%，同时Q+Z组王草中重金属镉、砷、铅、铬含量均最低，第三年较CK组分别降低了82.93%，88.10%，59.44%，59.27%，饲用价值综合评价表现为蚯蚓粪组优于腐熟牛粪组，沼液配施组优于单一施肥组，排序依次为Q+Z>Q>N+Z>N>CK>Z。综上所述，稀土尾矿区种植王草较优施肥处理为蚯蚓粪+沼液。

关键词: 王草, 稀土尾矿, 施肥, 产量, 品质

Abstract: In order to explore the best fertilization treatment for planting king grass (Pennisetum sinese) in rare earth tailings,six fertilization treatments of CK (chemical fertilizer),Z (biogas slurry),N (decomposed cow dung),N+Z (decomposed cow dung+biogas slurry),Q (earthworm cast) and Q+Z (earthworm cast+biogas slurry) were set up to apply an equal nitrogen fertilization test in the field. The effects of each treatment on the agronomic traits,yield and quality of king grass in three consecutive years were analyzed,and the feeding value was comprehensively evaluated by fuzzy mathematics membership function method. The results showed that the plant height,tiller number,stem thick,number of leaves,plant weight,yield,crude protein and crude fat of Q+Z treatment group were the highest and increased year by year. In the third year,they were 97.52%,545.81%,43.79%,654.95%,421.13%,741.00%,226.28% and 39.51% higher than those of CK group,respectively. The contents of crude fiber and crude ash were the lowest,which were 23.32% and 54.81% lower than those of CK group in that year. Meanwhile,the contents of heavy metals of cadmium,arsenic,lead and chromium in Q+Z group were the lowest,by 82.93%,88.10%,59.44% and 59.27% respectively less than those in CK group. The comprehensive evaluation of feeding value showed that the application of earthworm cast group was better than the decomposed cow dung group,and the biogas slurry combined application groups was better than the single application of biogas slurry group. The order was Q+Z>Q>N+Z>N>CK>Z. In summary,the optimal fertilization treatment for planting king grass in rare earth tailings area was the earthworm cast+biogas slurry.

Key words: King grass, Rare earth tailings, Fertilization, Yield, Quality

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