草地学报

›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 588-592.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2009.05.009

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

施磷对紫花苜蓿分枝生长及产草量的影响

姜慧新1,2, 沈益新1, 翟桂玉2, 刘展生2   

  1. 1. 南京农业大学动物科技学院, 南京, 210095;
    2. 山东省畜牧总站, 济南, 250022
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-11 修回日期:2009-06-21 出版日期:2009-10-15 发布日期:2009-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 沈益新,E-mail:yxshen@njau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:姜慧新(1974- ),女,浙江金华人,高级畜牧师,博士研究生,研究方向为牧草品种选育和栽培技术,E-mail:jhx232@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07-022);山东省农业良种产业化项目(2006LZ12-03)资助

Effect of phosphate fertilizer on the shoot growth and forage yield of Medicago sativa L.

JIANG Hui-xin1,2, SHEN Yi-xin1, ZHAI Gui-yu2, LIU Zhan-sheng2   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, China;
    2. General Station of Animal Husbandry of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong Province 250022, China
  • Received:2009-03-11 Revised:2009-06-21 Online:2009-10-15 Published:2009-10-15

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摘要： 在底施磷肥条件下,通过对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)产草量及株高、不同着生部位分枝数、每茎干重和叶茎比的观测,研究不同施磷水平对其分枝生长和产草量的影响,以期为紫花苜蓿高产栽培及其机理研究提供基础数据。结果表明,施磷肥显著增加了紫花苜蓿的分枝数和每茎干重(P<0.05),从而提高了单位面积干物质产量;施磷肥对根颈(冠)部枝条数和每茎干重的影响最明显;随着施磷量的增加,第2茬草根颈(冠)部分枝数由1.17个/株提高到2.80个/株,每茎干重由0.35 g增加到0.84 g,而对残茬茎的分枝数和每茎干重影响较小;各施磷处理组3茬草总干物质产量显著高于对照(P<0.05),其平均产量比对照增加57.4%;相关分析表明,干物质产量与株高、分枝数和每茎干重均成极显著的正相关,与叶茎比成显著负相关(P<0.05)。通径分析发现,分枝数是产量的第一决定因子。综合试验结果,施磷肥主要通过增加紫花苜蓿根颈(冠)部的分枝数来提高干物质产量。

关键词: 施肥, 磷, 紫花苜蓿, 分枝数, 产草量

Abstract: A large number of studies have showed that the phosphate fertilizer application can improve forage yield of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) by increasing the number of shoot,however the effect of phosphate fertilizer application on shoot growth from different plant location is seldom reported.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the forage yield,plant height,and the number,dry weight,and leaf to stem ratio of alfalfa shoot from crown and stubble under different phosphorus fertilization treatments.Results indicate that application of phosphate fertilizer significantly increased the shoot number per plant,dry weight per shoot,and dry matter yield.Phosphate fertilizer significantly affected the number and weight of shoot grown from the crown location.Shoot number per plant at crown location in the 2nd cut increased from 1.17 to 2.80 and the weight of shoot improved from 0.35 g to 0.84 g along with the increased application amount of phosphate fertilizer.However,no significant difference was found in the number and weight of shoot grown from the stubble location with the application of phosphate fertilizer.The total dry matter yield from phosphorus treatments were 57.4% higher than the control.Correlation analysis results show that forage yield was positively correlated to shoot number per plant,dry weight per shoot,and plant height,but negatively to leaf to stem ratio.According to the path analysis results,shoot number per plant was the principle decision variable to forage yield.In summary,phosphate fertilizer improved dry matter yield of M.sativa by increasing the number of shoot grown from the crown.

Key words: Fertilization, Phosphorus, Medicago sativa L., Shoot number, Forage yield

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