草地学报

›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 607-614.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2009.05.012

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

呼伦贝尔森林-草原区水土流失动态变化

陈贵廷1,2, 吕世海2, 吴新宏3   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 730070;
    2. 中国环境科学研究院生态所, 北京, 100012;
    3. 中国农业科学草原研究所, 呼和浩特, 010010
  • 收稿日期:2009-02-23 修回日期:2009-05-20 出版日期:2009-10-15 发布日期:2009-10-15
  • 通讯作者: 吕世海,E-mail:lv_sh@craes.org.cn
  • 作者简介:陈贵廷(1981- ),男,内蒙古赤峰市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为遥感与地理信息系统在生态环境中的应用,E-mail:cgt123456789@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    2008国家环保公益项目(200809125)

Study on the Dynamic of Soil Erosion in Hulunbuir Forest-steppe Area

CHEN Gui-ting1,2, Lü Shi-hai2, WU Xin-hong3   

  1. 1. Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Institute of Ecology and Environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
    3. Grassland Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010010, China
  • Received:2009-02-23 Revised:2009-05-20 Online:2009-10-15 Published:2009-10-15

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摘要： 基于1995年、2000年和2005年3个时期TM影像数据,运用ArcGIS 9.2软件和通用水土流失方程(RU-SLE)研究呼伦贝尔森林-草原区不同时期土壤侵蚀动态,以了解呼伦贝尔森林-草原区土壤侵蚀的强度和动态变化。结果表明,1995-2000年微度侵蚀面积净减少4484.11 km2,而轻度、中度、强度、极强度和剧烈侵蚀面积分别增加了4418.84 km2、90.26 km2、3.81 km2、7.47 km2、2.84 km2,说明1995-2000年5年中呼伦贝尔地区水土流失强度呈逐年增强趋势;2000-2005年微度侵蚀面积净增8497.84 km2,轻度和中度侵蚀分别净减少了8206.88km2和224.55 km2,土壤侵蚀强度呈逐年减轻趋势,说明2000年以来,呼伦贝尔地区水土流失现状较以前有明显改观;运用马尔科夫模型对2010年和2015年呼伦贝尔森林-草原区水土流失面积进行了预测,2010年和2015年轻度以上侵蚀面积与2005年相比有41.4%的土壤侵蚀面积得到缓解。

关键词: 土壤侵蚀, 动态变化, 马尔科夫模型, 呼伦贝尔

Abstract: Hulunbuir is an important water resource conservation area the northeastern three provinces in China protecting the water supply and ecological stability for 180 million population,and has an irreplaceable role in the socio-economic sustainable development in North China.But soil erosion has been a serious restrict to the economic and sustainable development of industrial and agricultural production.Based on TM imagines,this paper studied the dynamics of soil erosion at the forest-steppe area of hulunbuir in from 1995 to 2005 using GIS technique and empirical Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) model.The results show that the tiny degree soil erosion reduced 4484.11 km2 from 1995 to 2000.The light degree erosion,the moderate soil erosion,heavy soil erosion,utmost heavy soil erosion,and cute erosion was increased by 4418.84 km2,90.26 km2,3.81 km2,7.47 km2,and 2.84 km2 from 1995 to 2000,respectively,indicating a reinforcing trend of the soil erosion.The status of soil erosion has markedly improved after 2000 in hulunbuir,the area of tiny degree soil erosion increased 8497.84 km2,the area of the light erosion reduced 8206.88 km2,and the medium erosion reduced 224.55 km2 from 2000 to 2005,indicating a step down trend of the soil erosion intensity.At last,the development and the future tendency of soil erosion in 2010 year and 2015 year were simulated using Markov process and 41.4% of the area of above light erosion would be alleviated in comparison with 2005.

Key words: Soil erosion, Dynamic change, Markov process, Hulunbuir

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