草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 2151-2157.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2024.07.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

新疆昌吉15个引进饲用燕麦品种的生产性能综合评价

朱昊1, 张荟荟1, 张学洲1, 梁维维1, 阿斯娅·曼力克1, 管廷贤2, 王学敏3   

  1. 1. 新疆畜牧科学院草业研究所, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000;
    2. 博乐市草原工作站, 新疆 博乐 833400;
    3. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-07 修回日期:2024-05-10 发布日期:2024-08-03
  • 通讯作者: 张荟荟，E-mail:272893272@qq.com；王学敏，E-mail:wangxm@iascaas.net.cn
  • 作者简介:朱昊(1979-)，男，汉族，甘肃正宁人，硕士，副研究员，主要从事草种质资源保护与利用方向研究，E-mail:116548919@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34-42)资助

Comprehensive Evaluation of Production Performance of 15 Introduced Forage Oat Varieties in Changji,Xinjiang

ZHU Hao1, ZHANG Hui-hui1, ZHANG Xue-zhou1, LIANG Wei-wei1, ASIYA Manlike1, GUAN Ting-xian2, WANG Xue-min3   

  1. 1. Grassland Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China;
    2. Grassland Workstation, Bole, Xinjiang 833400, China;
    3. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
  • Received:2024-03-07 Revised:2024-05-10 Published:2024-08-03

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摘要： 为了筛选出适宜新疆昌吉种植的饲用燕麦(Avena sativa)品种，助力该地区畜牧业可持续发展，本研究通过田间试验对15个引进的饲用燕麦品种的生产性能进行了2年的测定，并应用灰色关联法对不同品种燕麦的产量、营养品质及饲喂价值等11个指标进行了综合评价。结果表明，灌溉条件下15个燕麦品种从播种至刈割(乳熟期)需 56～77 d；灰色关联度综合排名前5的品种依次为：'甜燕1号’(0.730 7)、'青牧3号’(0.711 5)、'草莜1号’(0.674 6)、'白燕3号’(0.667 9)、'坝燕4号’(0.652 7)；年均干草产量在12 000 kg·hm-2以上的为：'甜燕1号’(12 096.96 kg·hm-2)和'青牧3号’(12 143.17 kg·hm-2)；相对饲草质量(Relative feed quality，RFQ)值在140以上的为：'青牧3号’(148.63)、'甜燕1号’(147.95)、'草莜1号’(143.62)、'甜燕70’(140.34)；倒伏率30%以上的品种为：'青牧3号’(36.25%)、'甜燕70’(32.50%)、'白燕3号’(32.50%)。结合品种的干草产量、品质及倒伏率，综合评价认为'甜燕1号’'草莜1号’和'坝燕4号’适宜在本地区推广种植。

关键词: 新疆昌吉, 饲用燕麦, 生产性能, 营养品质, 综合评价

Abstract: In order to screen out the forage oat varieties that are suitable to be planted in Changji,Xinjiang,and help the sustainable development of animal husbandry in this area,the productive performance of 15 introduced forage oat varieties was measured for 2 years through field experiments,and 11 indexes such as yield,nutritional quality and feeding value of different varieties of oats were comprehensively evaluated by the grey correlation method. The results showed that it took 56-77 days from sowing to cutting (milk stage) for 15 oat varieties under irrigation conditions. The top five varieties ranked by grey correlation degree were 'Tianyan No.1’ (0.730 7), 'Qingmu No.3’ (0.711 5), 'Caoyou No.1’ (0.674 6), 'Baiyan No.3’,(0.667 9) and 'Bayan No.4’ (0.652 7). The average annual hay yield of 'Tianyan No.1’ (12 096.96 kg·hm-2) and 'Qingmu No.3’ (12 143.17 kg · hm-2) was more than 12 000 kg · hm-2. The relative feed quality (RFQ) values of 'Qingmu No.3’ (148.63),'Tianyan No.1’ (147.95), 'Caoyou No.1’ (143.62) and 'Tianyan No.70’ (140.34) were above 140. The varieties with more than 30 % lodging rate were：'Qingmu No.3’ (36.25 %), 'Tianyan No.70’ (32.50 %), 'Baiyan No.3’ (32.50 %). Combined with the hay yield,quality and lodging rate of the varieties,the comprehensive evaluation showed that 'Tianyan No.1’, 'Caoyou No.1’ and 'Bayan No.4’ were the most suitable to planting in this area.

Key words: Changji,Xinjiang, Feeding oats, Production performance, Nutritional quality, Comprehensive evaluation

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