草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 2755-2764.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.09.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

不同海拔高度对温性山地草原土壤种子库特征的影响

韩梦洁1,2,3,4, 刘超5, 梁鸿飞1,2,3,4, 马海涛1,2,3,4, 马红彬1,2,3,4, 沈艳1,2,3,4, 王国会1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. 宁夏大学农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    2. 宁夏大学宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    3. 宁夏大学林业与草业学院, 宁夏 银川 750021;
    4. 盐池北部荒漠草原宁夏回族自治区野外科学观测研究站, 宁夏 吴忠 751999;
    5. 宁夏罗山国家级自然保护区管理局, 宁夏 吴忠 751999
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26 修回日期:2025-01-07 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 王国会，E-mail：wanggh2022@nxu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:韩梦洁（1999-），女，汉族，山西长治人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态、资源与环境研究，E-mail：1909407313@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏重点研发计划（2023BEG02039，2023BSB03072）；宁夏自然科学基金优秀青年项目（2023AAC05020，2024AAC05013）；宁夏青年科技人才托举工程培养项目资助

The impact of Different Altitude on Soil Seed Banks in Temperate Mountainous Grassland

HAN Meng-jie1,2,3,4, LIU Chao5, LIANG Hong-fei1,2,3,4, MA Hai-tao1,2,3,4, MA Hong-bin1,2,3,4, SHEN Yan1,2,3,4, WANG Guo-hui1,2,3,4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Innovative High Efficiency Production Mode of Forage Grass, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    2. Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    3. College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China;
    4. Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Desert Grassland in the Northern Salt Lake of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Wuzhong, Ningxia 751999, China;
    5. Luoshan National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Wuzhong, Ningxia 751999, China
  • Received:2024-11-26 Revised:2025-01-07 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

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摘要： 本研究以宁夏罗山自然保护区温性山地草原为研究对象，旨在研究不同海拔高度下土壤种子库特征变化。通过开展种子库幼苗室内萌发鉴定试验，对T1（2374 m），T2（2132 m），T3（1823 m），T4（1566 m）四个海拔高度的土壤种子库进行研究。结果表明：不同海拔高度土壤种子库平均密度为716.67~2333.33粒·m-2，以多年生草本植物为主。随海拔升高，一年生草本植物减少，种子数量呈现不同程度的变化趋势，主要集中在0~5 cm土层。土壤种子库的多样性存在显著差异（P<0.05），不同海拔高度土壤种子库和地上植被都表现为中等不相似。各海拔高度土壤总种子库密度分别为：2333.33，866.67，1658.33和716.67粒·m-2，土壤总种子库与速效磷呈显著正相关（P<0.05），与土壤温度呈显著负相关（P<0.05），因此速效磷和温度对土壤总种子库物种多样性影响最大，为制定生态恢复策略提供重要依据。

关键词: 温性山地草原, 海拔高度, 土壤种子库, 物种多样性, 环境因子

Abstract: This study focused on the temperate mountainous grassland in Luoshan Nature Reserve of Ningxia， aiming to investigate the characteristic changes of soil seed banks at different altitudes. By conducting indoor germination identification experiments of seedlings from the soil seed bank， we studied the seed banks of four altitudes： T1 （2374 m）， T2 （2132 m）， T3 （1823 m）， and T4 （1566 m）. The results indicated that the average density of soil seed banks at different altitudes ranged from 716.67 to 2333.33 seeds·m-2， with perennial herbs predominating. As altitude increased， annual herbs decreased， and the number of seeds exhibited varying trends， mainly concentrating in the 0-5 cm soil layer. The diversity of soil seed banks showed significant differences （P<0.05）， and there was a moderate dissimilarity between soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation at different altitudes. The total seed densities of the soil seed banks at T1， T2， T3， and T4 were 2333.33， 866.67， 1658.33， and 716.67 seeds·m-2， respectively. The total soil seed bank was significantly positively correlated with available phosphorus （P<0.05） and significantly negatively correlated with soil temperature （P<0.05）. Therefore， available phosphorus and temperature had the greatest impact on the species diversity of the total soil seed bank， providing an important basis for formulating ecological restoration strategies.

Key words: Temperate mountainous grassland, Altitude, Soil seed bank, Species diversity, Environmental factor

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