草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 3099-3107.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.09.033

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

河西灌区不同青贮玉米品种生产性能与发酵品质的综合评价

王恕平, 齐帅, 陈彦龙, 张蓓, 曹文侠, 焦婷   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-25 修回日期:2025-01-21 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 曹文侠，E-mail：caowx@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王恕平（1999-），女，汉族，山东肥城人，硕士研究生，主要从事饲草栽培方向研究，E-mail：1737806168@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家牧草产业技术体系（CARS-34）资助

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Production Performance and Fermentation Quality of Different Silage Maize Varieties in Hexi Irrigated Area

WANG Shu-ping, QI Shuai, CHEN Yan-long, ZHANG Bei, CAO Wen-xia, JIAO Ting   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems/Center for Grassland Microbiome/College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China
  • Received:2024-11-25 Revised:2025-01-21 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

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摘要： 为筛选出适宜河西灌区种植的优质高产青贮玉米（Zea mays L.）品种，本试验以5个青贮玉米品种和1个籽实玉米品种为研究对象，比较分析不同品种的农艺性状、产量、营养价值及发酵品质，并采用模糊隶属函数综合评估各品种的适应性。结果表明：各供试品种的株高、穗位高、绿叶数、穗重、单株产量等农艺性状间均差异显著（P<0.05）；品种‘五谷丰贮1号’的鲜草产量最高，为111.38 t·hm-2，较籽粒型‘隆丰211’提高了38.06%；‘TW268’植株的持绿性最好，绿叶数达到了13.33片。在营养品质方面，青贮前‘五谷丰贮1号’的粗蛋白（Crude protein，CP）和粗脂肪（Ether extract，EE）含量最高，分别为7.43%和3.31%；青贮后，‘TW268’的相对饲喂价值（Relative feeding value，RFV）最高，且相较于青贮前含量提高了2.5%；同时，青贮后的‘五谷丰贮1号’的乳酸（Lactic acid，LA）和乙酸（Acetic acid，AA）含量最高，分别达到了4.65%和2.01%，显著高于其他品种。综合评价表明，‘五谷丰贮1号’和‘TW268’综合表现均优于其他品种，适宜作为青贮品种在河西走廊地区大面积推广种植。

关键词: 青贮玉米, 农艺性状, 产量, 营养品质, 发酵参数

Abstract: To screen out high-quality and high-yielding silage maize （Zea mays L.） varieties suitable for planting in the Hexi irrigation area， this experiment took five silage maize varieties and one seed maize variety as research objects， comparatively analyzed the agronomic traits， yields， nutritive values， fermentation qualities of the different varieties， and comprehensively assessed the adaptability of the varieties using the fuzzy subordinate function. The results showed that there were significant differences （P<0.05） among the agronomic traits such as plant height， ear height， number of green leaves， ear weight， and yield per plant of each test variety. The variety ‘Wugu Fengzhu 1’ had the highest fresh grass yield of 111.38 t·hm-2， which was 38.06% higher than that of the seed type ‘Longfeng 211’. ‘TW268’ plants had the best green-holding capacity， with the number of green leaves reaching 13.33. In terms of nutritional quality， the crude protein （CP） and Ether extract （EE） contents of ‘Wugu Fengzhu 1’ were the highest before silage， which were 7.43% and 3.31%， respectively. After silage， ‘TW268’ had the highest relative feeding value （RFV）， and its content was increased by 2.5% compared to that of before silage. Meanwhile， ‘Wugu Fengzhu 1’ had the highest lactic acid （LA） and acetic acid （AA） contents after silage， which reached 4.65% and 2.01%， respectively， and were significantly higher than those of other varieties. The comprehensive evaluation showed that both Wugu Fengzhu No.1’ and ‘TW268’ performed better than other varieties and are suitable as silage varieties for large-scale promotion in the Hexi Corridor area.

Key words: Silage, Agronomic traits, Yield, Nutritional quality, Fermentation parameters

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