草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 3060-3069.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

基于单拷贝核基因的黄缨菊群体遗传结构与历史动态研究

郑莹晖1,2, 苏旭1,2,3, 刘玉萍1,2,3, 才让扎西1,2, 雷洁琼1,2, 韦凯悦1,2, 冯旭1,2, 杨萍1   

  1. 1. 青海师范大学生命科学学院, 青海 西宁 810008;
    2. 青海师范大学青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810008;
    3. 青海师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-31 修回日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2026-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘玉萍,E-mail:lyp8527970@126.com
  • 作者简介:郑莹晖(1999-),女,汉族,四川绵阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事高山植物系统与进化研究,E-mail:yhzheng99@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省自然科学基金面上项目（2025-ZJ-996M）；国家自然科学基金项目（32160297）资助

Population Genetic Structure and Historical Dynamics of Xanthopappus subacaulis Based on Single Copy Nuclear Genes

ZHENG Ying-hui1,2, SU Xu1,2,3, LIU Yu-ping1,2,3, CAIRANG Zha-xi1,2, LEI Jie-qiong1,2, WEI Kai-yue1,2, FENG Xu1,2, YANG Ping1   

  1. 1. School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
    3. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
  • Received:2025-05-31 Revised:2025-11-25 Published:2026-08-04

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摘要： 为探究黄缨菊（Xanthopappus subacaulis）自然居群的遗传结构与历史动态，本研究基于10个单拷贝核基因数据对其49个居群147个个体进行DNA测序，利用STRUCTURE聚类、分子方差分析等多种方法进行解析。结果显示，黄缨菊多态性位点为3~11，单倍型多样性指数（Hd）为0.558~0.883，核苷酸多样性指数（π）为0.001 32~0.006 03，平均核苷酸差异数（K）为0.738~3.325，遗传多样性丰富；黄缨菊参试居群可被划分为南北两大谱系分支，居群间遗传变异占比83.04%，居群内占16.96%，遗传分化程度较高（FST=0.830，P<0.01），基因流极低（Nm=0.112），遗传距离与地理距离呈显著正相关（r=0.537，P<0.01）。两大谱系分化时间约为3.33 Mya，与青藏高原隆升及第四纪冰期气候变化相关，近期无种群扩张。本研究揭示了地理隔离、气候差异和历史事件对黄缨菊群体遗传结构的影响，为其种质资源保护及适应性进化研究提供重要数据基础。

关键词: 单拷贝核基因, 黄缨菊, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构, 地理隔离

Abstract: In order to investigate the genetic structure and historical dynamics of natural populations of Xanthopappus subacaulis， we sequenced the DNAs of 147 individuals from 49 populations based on ten single-copy nuclear genes. Multiple methods， including STRUCTURE clustering and molecular variance analysis， were employed for analysis. The results indicated that the polymorphic loci of X. subacaulis ranged from 3 to 11， with haplotype diversity index （Hd） ranging from 0.558 to 0.883， nucleotide diversity index （π） from 0.001 32 to 0.006 03， and mean nucleotide differences （K） from 0.738 to 3.325， indicating rich genetic diversity. The tested populations of X. subacaulis could be divided into two major genealogical branches in the north and south， with 83.04% of the genetic variation among populations and only 16.96% within populations. The degree of genetic differentiation was high （FST=0.830， P<0.01）， and gene flow was extremely low （Nm=0.112）. The genetic distance was significantly positively correlated with the geographical distance （r=0.537，P<0.01）. The divergence time of the two major genealogical branches was approximately 3.33 million years ago， which was related to the uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the climate change during the Quaternary glacial period. Moreover， there was no recent population expansion. This study revealed the influence of geographical isolation， climate differences， and historical events on the genetic structure of X. subacaulis， which provided important data for its conservation of germplasm resources and adaptive evolution research.

Key words: Single copy nuclear gene, Xanthopappus subacaulis, Genetic diversity, Genetic structure, Geographic isolation

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