Abstract: Grazing succession and stability of community were studied in Nanshan Ranch (25°48′- 25°58′N, 110°36′-110°40′E)during 1994.It showed by cluster analysis that grazing lead to succession in mixed sward of perennial ryegrass/white clover.The succession can be divided into four stages:i.e.Arundinella hirta + Miscanthus sinensis community for light grazing, Holcus lantus+ Ixeris polycephala community for heavy grazing, Ligularia sp.+Rumex acetosa community for over ging and Lolium perenne + Trifolium repens commnuity for moderate grazing.Moderate grazing can maintain community stability of artificial sward.Light grazing or over grazing lead to deteriorative succession of artificial sward.

Key words: Artificial sward, Grazing, Succession, Stability, Cluster analysis

摘要： 本研究于1994年在湖南省南山牧场进行。聚类分析表明,放牧导致多年生黑麦草(Loliumperenne)/白三叶(Trifoliumrepens)人工草地的演替可以划分为四个阶段,即轻牧使人工草地向原生植被演替,形成野古草(Arundinellahirta)、芒草(Miscanthussinensis)占优势的群落;重牧导致绒毛草(Holcuslantus)、多头苦荬菜(Ixerispolycephala)占优势的群落出现;过牧则形成橐吾(Ligulariasp)、酸模(Rumexacetosa)占优势的群落;唯有适牧方可以维持多年生黑麦草/白三叶人工草地的稳定性。轻度放牧或过度放牧都可以引起人工草地的退化演替。

关键词: 人工草地, 放牧, 演替, 稳定性, 聚类分析