Abstract:

In order to understand the relationship between A. sativa L.I-D and its parents, this experiment was focused on the different characteristics of the chromosome and the karyotype with its parents by applying the squash method at the cytogenetic level for the further improvement of A. Sativa L. in breeding. The results showed that the karyotype formula of A. sativa L. I-D is 2n=6x=42=12m+30sm(4SAT), its asymmetry coefficient is 66.62% and belongs to 3B type. The parents' karyotype formula is 2n=6x=42=24m+18sm(4SAT), 2B type. The asymmetry coefficient of the female and male parent is 63.60% and 62.84%, respectively. A. sativa L. I-D inherited the special characters of its parents. The ratio of metacentric chromosomes and the nuclear asymmetry coefficient is 28.57% and 66.62%, respectively. The results indicated that the I-D is a more evolutionary strain than its parents. A. sativa L. I-D integrated the excellent characteristics of its parents and provided a theoretical basis for oats germplasm classification and new varieties breeding.

Key words: Oats, Chromosome number, Karyotype analysis, Genetic relationship

摘要：

为了解燕麦杂交新品系I-D（A.sativa L.I-D）与其亲本间的遗传关系，本研究采用染色体压片法，从细胞遗传学水平比较分析其与亲本在染色体形态特征和核型上的差异，为燕麦杂交育种和遗传改良提供科学依据。结果表明，燕麦I-D品系的核型为2n=6x=42=12m+30sm（4SAT），核不对称系数为66.62%，属3B型；两亲本的核型为2n=6x=42=24m+18sm（4SAT），核型为2B型；母本‘青海444’核不对称系数为63.60%；父本‘青海甜燕麦’为62.84%。燕麦I-D品系具有双亲染色体的一些特有形态，其中部着丝点染色体所占比例（28.57%）和核不对称系表明，其是较亲本更为进化的种群。可见，燕麦杂交能够整合两个亲本的优良特性，对创造新型种质具有重要意义。

关键词: 燕麦, 染色体数目, 核型分析, 遗传关系